|
Ethnobotany
Abbas, J.A.; El- Oqlah, A.A. and
Mahasneh,A.M. 1992. Herbal plants in the traditional medicine of
Bahrain, Eco. Bot. 46(2): 158-163.
Abdulmoniem MA,
Saadab AMA, 2006. Antifungal activity of some Saudi plants used
in traditional medicine. Asian J. Plant Sci., 5: 907-909.
Abulfatih, H.A.
1987. Medicinal plants in South Western Saudi Arabia. Eco.
Bot. 41 (3): 354-60.
Ageel, A.M.; Parmar, N.S.; Mossa, J.S.;
Al-Yahya, M.A.; Al-Said, M.S. and Tariq, M. 1985.
Anti-inflammatory activity of some Saudi Arabian medicinal
plants Agents and Actions, 17,(3/4): 383-384.
Ageel, A.M.,
Mossa, J.S., Tariq, M, Al-Yahya, M.A., Saied, M.S. 1987. Saudi
plants used in traditional medicine. Riyadh: King Abdul Aziz
City for Science and Technology.
Ageel, AM; Mossa,
J.S., Tariq, M., Al-Yahya, MA, Saied, M.S. 1987. Plants in Saudi
Arabia used for folk medicine. Riyadh: King Saud University
Press.
Ahmad, H.A.(Alfarhan, A.H.), Ghazanfar,
S.A. 1991. Conservation of medicinal plants on the Arabian
Peninsula. Two case studies: Med. Plant Conservation, 3: 15-16
IUCN.
Alfarhan, A.H. (2000) Plants of economic importance. Folklore
Encyclopedia of Saudi Arabia, The circle for information Co.
Ltd. Saudi Arabia.
Al-Said MS.
1993. Traditional medicinal plants of Saudi Arabia.
Am J Chin Med.
21(3-4): 291-298.
Al-Shanwani M.
1996. Plants used in Saudi folk medicine. King Abdul Aziz City
for Science and Technology, Riyadh.
Atiqur
Rahman, M.; Mossa, J.S. Al-Said, M.S. and Al-Yahya, M.A. 2004.
Medicinal plant diversity in the flora of Saudi Arabia
1: a report on seven plant families . Fitoterapia 75(2): 149-161
Ayensu, E.S. 1979. Plants for
medicinal uses with special reference to arid zones 117-178. in:
Goodin, J.R. and Northington, D.K. (eds.) Arid land plant
resources. Lubbock, Texas.
Bailey, C. & Danin, A. 1981. Bedouin plant
utilization in Sinai and the Negev. Eco. Bot. 35(2): 145-162.
Bailey, C. 1974. Bedouin weddings in Sinai
and the Negev. in I. Ben-Ami, (ed) Studies in marriage customs
pp. 113-115. Folklore Research Centre studies IV. Hebrew Univ.,
Jerusalem.
Bailey, C. 1974. Bedouin star-lore in
Sinai and the Negev. Bull. school Orient. African Stud. 37:
584-586.
Bailey, C. 1977. Bedouin place names in
Sinai and the Negev. in Bailey, C. (ed) Notes on the Bedouins,
pp. 64-68. VII. Midrashat Sde Boker.
Balfour, I. B.
1888. The Botany of Socotra and Abd el Kuri. Trans. Roy. Soc.
Edinburgh 31.
Batanouny, K.H. 1986. Medicinal plants in
the Arab Countries. A plenary paper presented before the
Conference on the Medicinal Plants and their Development in the
Arab World. Baghdad, Iraq. November 24-26, 1986 (in Arabic).
Proceedings published by the Union of Arab Research Centres,
Baghdad 1989, pp.41-63.
Beek, G.W. van 1958. Frankincense and
Myrrh in Ancient South Arabia. Journal of the American Oriental
Society, 78, no 3 Jul-Sep 1958, pp 141-152
Blair, H. 1970. Maternal and Health
Manuel, Part II. ARAMCO, Dhaharan, Saudi Arabia.
Carter, H. J.
1848. Frankinecense in Arabia. J. Bombay Branch of the Royal
Asiatic Society. 2: 380-390.
El-Ghazali, G.E; Al-Khalifa, K.S.; Saleem,
G.A. and Abdallah, E.M. 2010. Traditional medicinal plants
indigenous to Al-Rass province, Saudi Arabia. Journal of
Medicinal Plants Research 4(24): 2680-2683.
El-Sheikh, A.M.1982. Survey of the Most Important
Medicinal Plants in Qassim and Their Uses. Saudi Medical J.
Monogr. No. 1, 99-106.
Fahmy, I.R. 1956.
The medicinal plants of the Middle East. Labanese Pharm. J.
4(1): 12-56.
Ghazanfar, S.A.
1994. Arabian Medicinal Plants. CRC Press.
Ghazanfar, S.A. 1996. Traditional
health plants of the Arabian Peninsula. Plants for Food and
Medicine. Paper presented at the joint meeting of the Society
fro Economic Botany and International Society for Ethnopharmacology. 1-7 July, 1996, London.
Ghazanfar, S.A.1996.
‘Plants of economic importance.’
In: Ghazanfar, S.A. and
Fisher, M. (eds)
Vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula,
pp 241–264. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Grainger, J. &
Llewellyn, O.A. 1994. Sustainable use: lessons from a cultural
tradition in Saudi Arabia. Parks 4(3): 8–16.
Hepper, F.N. 1969.
Arabian and African Frankincense Trees. J. Egyptian Archaeol.,
55: 66-72.
Khairallah, A.A. 1946. Outline to Arabic
contributions to medicine. American Press. Beirut, Lebanon.
Kotschy, t. 1866. Plantae arabicae
in ditionibus Hedschas, asyr et El Arysch a medico germanico
nomine ignoto, in El Arysch defuncto, annis 1836-1838 collectae.
Sitzber. akad. d. Wiss. Wien, Mathem.-naturw. Kl., 52, 1 Abt.
pp. 251-264.
Long, H.S.;
Tilney, P.M. & Van Wyk, B.E. 2010. The ethnobotany and
pharmacognosy of Olea europaea subsp. africana
(Oleaceae). South African Journal of Botany 76: 324–331.
Mandaville, J.P.
Bedouin
Ethnobotany: Plant Concepts and Uses in a Desert Pastoral World.
Amazon books.
Miller, A. G.,
Morris, M., Alexander, D. & Atkinson, R. 2004: Ethnoflora of the
Soqotra archipelago. – Edinburgh
Miller, A. G. & Morris, M. 1988. Plants of
Dhofar, the southern region of Oman. The office of the Adviser
for Conservation of the environment, Diwan of Royal Court,
Sultanate of Oman.
Mossa, J. S,
Al-Yahya, M. A. & Al-Meshal, I.A. 1987: Medicinal Plants of
Saudi Arabia. Vol. 1. King Saud Univ. Libraries
Publications. Riyadh, KSA.
Mossa, J. S,
Al-Yahya, M. A. & Al-Meshal, I.A. 2000: Medicinal Plants of
Saudi Arabia. Vol. 2. King Fahad National Libraries,.
Riyadh, KSA.
Mutwally, H.M.A. and Meelad,
M.M.H. 1997. A Series on the medicinal effects of wild plants
of Saudi Arabia. 2b. Effect of water extract of mutant
Cassia senna on the spontaneous activity of locust foregut
and hindgut muscles. Symposium on Herbal Medicine, King Fahad
Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Saganuwan A.S. 2010. Some medicinal plants
of Arabian Peninsula. J. Med. Plants Res., 4(9): 766-788.
Schonig, H. 1995. Traditional
cosmetics. Paper presented at the seminar for Arabian Studies,
Cambridge, UK.
Shalabi, A.F.; Khadari, A.A. and
Organgi, R.A. 1985. Some medicinal and aromatic plants of Saudi
Arabia. Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah.
Sher, H.;
Al-Yemeni, M.N. 2010. Ethnobotanical and pharmaceutical
evaluation of Capparis spinosa L, validity of local folk
and Unani system of medicine. Journal of Medicinal Plants
Research. 4(17): 1751-1756
Sher, H.;
Al-Yemeni, M.N.; Masrahi, Y.S. and Shah, A.H. 2010.
Ethnomedicinal and ethnoecological evaluation of Salvadora
persica L.: A threatened medicinal plant in Arabian
Peninsula Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 4(12): 1209-1215.
UNESCO, 1960.
Medicinal plants of the arid zones. Arid Zone Research, XIII.
UNESCO, Paris. pp. 96.
Wickens, G.E.; Goodin, J.R. &
Field, D.V. (eds.) 1989. Plants for Arid Lands. Proc. of the Kew
International Conf. on Economic Plants for Arid Lands held inthe
Jodrell Laboratory, RBG, KEW, England. 23-27 July 1984. Unwin
Hyman, London.
Phytochemistry/Pharmacology
TOP
Abdel-Mogib, M.; Albar, H.A. and
Batterjee, S.M. 2002. Chemistry of the Genus Plectranthus.
Molecules, 7: 271-301.
Abd_El-Fattah, H. A contribution to the
chemistry of Asphodelus fistulosus var. tenuiflorus
Cav. (Part 1) 1991. Acta Pharmacologia Jugoslavia 4(2): 147-153.
Abdel-Mogib, M.; Ayyad, S.N.;
Abou-Elzahab, M.M. and Dawridar, A.M. 1993. A sesquiterpene
glucoside from Reichardia tingitana. Phytochemistry.
34(5): 1434-1435.
Abed, K.F.
2007. Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of some Medicinal
Plants from Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
14 (1): 53-60.
Adam, S.E.I. 1998. Combined toxicity of
Rhazya stricata and Silene villosa in rats. Fitoterapia LXIX
(5): 425-420.
Adam, S.E.I. 1998. Toxic effects of
Francoeuria crispa in Rats. Phytotherapy Research, 12:
476-479.
Adam, S.E.I.;
Ahmed H. Alfarhan and Al-Yahya, M.A. 2000. Effect of combined
Citrullus colocynthis and Rhazya stricta use in Najdi
Sheep, American Journal of Chinese Medicine, Vol. 28 (3-4):
385-390.
Adam, S.E.I.;
Ahmed H. Alfarhan and Al-Yahya, M.A. 2001. Effects of dietary
mixtures of Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad. And
Rhazya stricta Decne in Rats. Journal of Herbs, Spices &
Medicinal Plants 8(4): 9-18.
Adam, S.E.I.;
Al-Yahya, M.A. and Alfarhan, A.H. 2002. Toxicity of Nerium
oleander and Rhazya stricta in Najdi sheep:
Hematologic and clinicopathologic alterations. American journal
of Chinese medicine, Vol. 30 (2&3), 255-262.
Abdel-Sattar,
E.; Harraz, F.M. and El Gayed, S.H. 2008. Antimicrobial
Activity of Extracts of some Plants
Collected from the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia, J. of King Abdulaziz Univ.
Med. Sci.15(1): 25-33
Ageel, A. M.; Tariq, M.; Pramar, N. S.;
Al-Meshal, I. A.; and Al-Said, M. A. 1985. Psychopharmacological
studies on some Saudi plants, Proc. 4th South-East Asian/Western
Pacific Regional Meeting of Pharmacognosists. Penang, Malaysia.
Ahmed, V.U. and Iqbal, S. 1993. Jamtinine,
an alkaloid from Cocculus hirsutus. Phytochemistry,
33(3): 735-736.
Al-Ali, K.H. & El-Badry, A.A. 2010.
Anti-viral activity of two Labiatae plants (Naana-Hassoi, Habak)
and Basil (Rahan) of Al-Madinah Almunawarah. Journal of Medicine
and Biomedical Sciences, May: 67-73.
Al-Howiriny TA,
Al-Sohaibani MO, Al-Said MS, Al-Yahya MA, El-Tahir KH,
Rafatullah S. 2004.
Hepatoprotective properties of Commiphora opobalsamum
("Balessan"), a traditional medicinal plant of Saudi Arabia.
Drugs Exp Clin Res.
30(5-6):213-20.
Al-Howiriny TA,
Mossa JS, Al-Said MS. 2004. Three new and two rare
furanoeremophilanes from Senecio asirensis.
J Asian Nat Prod Res.
6(3):167-75.
Al-Jaber, N.A.; Mujahid, T.G. and Hazmi,
H.M. 1991: Favonoids from Atriplex farinosa- J. King Saud
Univ., Sci. 3: 163-167.
Allen, S.E.;
Grimshaw, H.M.; Parkinson, J.H. and Quarmby, C. 1974. Chemical
analysis of ecological materials. Oxford, Blackwell Scientific
Publication.
Al-Meshal, I.A.; Mekkawi, A.G.; Hifnawy,
M.S.; Mossa, J.S. and Al-Yahya, M.A. 1985. Aromatic plants of
Saudi Arabia. Part 10: Essential oil of Horwoodia dicksoniae
Turril., Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc., 8: 163-167.
Al-Meshal, I.A.; Tariq, M.; Parmar, N.S.
and Ageel, A.M. 1985.
Anti-inflammatory activity of the flavonoid fraction of khat (Catha
edulis Forssk).
Inflammation Research,
17,
(3-4):
379-380
Al-Noaim, A.A., El-Gazzar, A.A.,
Rumney, T.G., Al-Koraiem, Y.S., 1991. Chemical composition of
range plants in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. Arab Gulf
Journal of Scientific Research 9 (3): 77-92.
Al-Said MS,
Ghorab MM,
Al-Qasoumi SI,
El-Hossary
EM,
Noaman E
2010. Synthesis and in vitro anticancer screening of some novel
4- [2-amino- 3-cyano- 4-substituted- 5, 6, 7, 8-
tetrahydroquinolin- 1- (4H) yl]benzenesulfonamides.
Eur J Med
Chem. 45(7): 3011-8.
Al-Said, M.S. and
Hifnawy, M.S. 1985. Phytochemical and Biological screening of
Pergularia tomentosa L. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc., 8: 155-161.
Al-Said, M.S.;
Hifnawy, M.S.; McPhall, A.T. and McPhall, D.R. 1988.
Ghalakinoside, a cytotoxic cardiac glycoside from Pergularia
tomentosa, Phytochemistry, 27(10): 3245-3250.
Al-Said, M.; Mansour, S.; Abu-Jayyab, A.
and Hifnawy, M.S. 1989. Biochemical Studies of ghalakinoside, a
possible antitumer agent from Pergularia tomentosa, J. of
Ethopharmacology 27(1/2): 235-240.
Al-Yahya, M.A. 1986. Phytochemical and
biological studies on Saudi medicinal plants. Part 11. The major
component of the spathe oil of Phoenix dactylifera.
Fitoterapia LVII(2): 284-287.
Al-Yahya, M.A.; Khafagy, S.; Shihata, A.
Kozlowski, J.F.; Antoun, M.D. and Cassady, J.M. 1984.
Phytochemical and Biological Screening of Saudi Medicinal
Plants, Part 6. Isolation of 2α-Hydroxyalantolactone the
Antileukemic Principle of Francoeuria crispa. J.
Nat. Prod., 47 (6):
1013–1017
Al-Yahya, M.A.; Hifnawy,M.S.; Mossa, J.S.;
Al-Meshal, I.A. & Mekkawi, A.G. 1985. Aromatic plants of Saudi
Arabia. Part 7: Essential Oil of Plectranthus tenuiflorus
(Vatke)Agnew. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 8: 147-153.
Al-Yahya, M.A.; Hifnawy, M.S.; Mossa,
J.S.; El-Feraly, F.S.; McPhall, D.R. and Mcphall, A.T. 1987.
X-ray structure of psiadiarabin, a flavone from Psiadia
arabica, Phytochemistry. 26(9): 2648-2649.
Al-Yahya, M.A.; Mossa, J.S.; El-Badr,
A.A.; Tariq, M. and Al-Meshal, D.R. 1987. Phytochemical and
biological studies on Saudi medicinal plants. Part 12. A study
on Saudi plants of family Leguminosae, International J. of Crude
Drug Research, 25(2): 65-71
Al-Yahya, M. A.;
Al-Meshal I. A., Mossa J. S. al-Badr, A. A., & Tariq, M. 1990.
Saudi Plants: A phytochemical and biological Approach
GDRGP, KACST, Riyadh.
Alyemeni, M.N.; Basahy, A.Y. & Sher, H. 2011. Physico-chemical
analysis and mineral composition of some sesame seeds (Sesamum
indicum L.) grown in the Gizan area of Saudi Arabia. Journal
of Medicinal Plants Research 5(2): 270-274
Ali, A.A.; Abdullah, O.A. and Steglish, W.
1989. Chlorosesquiterpene lactones from Ambrosia maritima,
Pharmazie 44(11): 800-801.
Aly, M.M
and Bafeel, S.O. 2008. Screening for antimicrobial activity of
some medicinal plants in Saudi Arabia,.African Journal of
Traditional, Complementary and Alternative medicines
(AJTCAM), Abstracts of the world congress on Medicinal and
Aromatic plants, Cape Town.
Bakhiet, A.O. & Adam, S.E.I. 1996.
Toxicity to Bovans Chicks of Cassia italica seeds.
Phytotherapy Research 10: 156-160.
Bhardwaj, D.K.; Bisht, M.S.; Jain, R.K.
and Munjal, A. 1982. Phenolics from the seeds of Argemone
mexicana. Phytochemistry, 21(8): 2154.
Bokhari, F. M. 2009. Antifungal activity
of some medicinal plants used in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Mycopath
(2009) 7(1): 51-57
El-Domaity, M.M.; Feraly, F.S.; Mossa,
J.S. and McPhall, A.T. 1993. Diterpenes from Psiadia arabica,
Phytochemisty, 34(2): 467-471.
El-Dirdiri, N.I.; Barakat, S.E. and Adam,
S.E.I. 1987. The combined toxicity of Aristolochia
bracteolata and Cadaba rotundifolia to goats.
Veterinary and Human Toxicology, 29(2): 133-137.
El-Feraly, F.S.; Mossa, J.; Al-Yahya,
M.A.; Hafnawy, M.S.; Hafez, M.M. and Hufford, C.D. 1990. Two
flavones from Psiadia arabica, Phytochemistry, 29(10):
3372-3373.
El-Sayed, A.M.; Al-Yahya, M.A.; Shaw,
A.H.; Hartmann, R. and Breltmaier, E. 1990. Eurabidol and other
sesquiterpeness from Euryops arabicus, Chemiker-Zeitung,
114(5): 159-160.
El Sayed K,
Al-Said MS, El-Feraly FS, Ross SA. 2000.
New
quinoline alkaloids from Ruta chalepensis.
J. Nat. Prod.
;63(7): 995-997.
Fardos M. Bokhari,
F.M. 2009.
Antifungal
activity of some medicinal plants used in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mycopath 7(1): 51-57.
Gunasingh, C.B.G. adn Nagarajan, S. 1981.
Flavanoides of the flowers of Vernonia cinerea, Indian J.
of Pharmacological Science. 43: 114.
Gupta, S.; Ali, M and Alam, M.S. 1993. A
naphthoquinone from Lawsonia inermis stem bark,
Phytochemistry. 33(3): 723-724.
Hassan, M.M.A.;
Huhtadi, F.J. and Aziz, O.A. 1977. Phytochemical investigation
of Rhazya stricta growing in Saudi Arabia. Part 1. Total
Alkaloidal content and TLC screening. Bull. Fac. Sci. Riayd
Univ., 8: 331-339.
Hiffnawy, M.S. and Muhtadi, F.J. 1984.
Pharmacognostical study of Lygos raetam Forssk. growing
in Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 7: 183-188.
Hung-Joon, C. and
Jado, A.I. 1977. Phytochemical survey of desert plants in Saudi
Arabia. Bull. Fac. Sci. Riyadh University. 8: 347-352.
Hussain, H.; Soliman, F.; Al-rajhi, D. &
Alfarhan, A.H. 1996. Plant extracts as an alternative tool for
pests control. Alex. Sci. Exch. 17(2): 167-174.
Kalix, P. 1991. The pharmacology of
psychoactive alkaloides from Ephedra and Catha. J. of
Ethnopharmacology. 32: 201-208.
Khalid, S. and Waterman, P. 1981.
Alkaloid, lignan and flavanoid constituents of Haplophyllum
tuberculatum from Sudan. Planta Medica, 43(2): 148-152.
Khatibi A, Shan AH, Ageel AM, Ahmed MS, Al-Yahya MA, Tariq MC
(1989). Saudi folk medicine: Phytochemical and antimicrobial
screening. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 2(1): 29-34.
Mekkawi, A.G.; Al-Said, M.S.; Mossa, J.S.;
Al-Meshal, I.A.; Hifnawy, M.S. and Al-Yahya, M.A. 1985. Aromatic
plants of Saudi Arabia. Part 11: Essential Oil of Cleome
chrysantha, Decne. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 8: 169-173.
Mekkawi, A.G.; Mossa, J.S. & Al-Badr, A.A.
1985. Lipids of Achillea frangrantissima Forssk. Proc.
Saudi Bio. Soc. 8: 141-146.
Mossa, J.S.; Al-Yahya, M.A.;
Al-Meshal, I.A. & Tariq, M. 1983. Phytochemical and biological
scereening of Saudi medicinal plants. Fitoterapia 54: 75-80,
147-152.
Mossa,
J.S.; Hafnawy, M.S.; Al-Yahya, M.A. Hafez, M.M.; Shehata, A.A.
and El-Feraly, F.S. 1988. Flavanoids and coumarins from three
Saudi Arabian Compositae species. International J. of Crude Drug
Research, 26(4): 181-184.
Mossa JS, Tariq M,
Mohsin A, Ageel AM, al-Yahya MA, al-Said MS, Rafatullah S. 1991.
Pharmacological studies on aerial parts of Calotropis
procera.
Am J Chin Med.
19(3-4):223-31
Muhammad
I, El Sayed KA, Mossa JS, Al-Said MS, El-Feraly FS, Clark AM,
Hufford CD, Oh S, Mayer AM. 2000.
Bioactive
12-oleanene triterpene and secotriterpene acids from Maytenus
undata.
J. Nat. Prod. 2000
May; 63(5):605-610.
Muhtadi, F.J.;
Aziz, O.A. and Hassan, M.M.A. 1977. Pharmacognostical
investigation of Rhazya stricta growing in Saudi Arabia.
Bull. Fac. Sci. Riyad Univ. 5: 1-15.
Noor, F.; Ahmed, A.; Imtiazuddin, S.M. and
Khan, B. 1993. A triterpenoid from Leptadenia pyrotechnica.
Phytochemistry 32(1): 211-212.
Rizk, A.M.; Helba, H.I.; Mayergi, H and
Batanouny, K.H. 1985. Phytochemistry of Blepharis ciliaris
(Acanthaceae). Fitoterapia, 1: 56
Saadabi, A.M.A,
2006. Antifungal activity of some Saudi plants used in
traditional medicine. Asian J. Plant Sci., 5: 907-909.
Tariq, M.; M. A.
Al-Yahya, M. A.; Al-Meshal, I. A.; Mossa, J. M. 1984. Studies on
Saudi plants causing neuromuscular blockade. Proc. 9th Int.
Cong. Pharmacol. (IUPHAR), London, 2030.
Tariq, M, A.M.Ageel, A.M, AL-Yahya, M.A.;
Mossa, J.S. AL-Saro, M.S. and Parmer, N.S. 1985.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Commiphora molmol. Agents
and Actions, vol. 17 (3/4): 381-382
Tariq M, Ageel AM,
al-Yahya MA, Mossa JS, al-Said MS. 1989.
Anti-inflammatory activity of Teucrium polium.
Int J Tissue React.
11(4):185-188.
Vegetation/Ecology
TOP
Abbas, J.A. & El-Oqlah, A.A. 1996.
Distribution and communities of halophytic plants in Bahrain. J.
Arid Envir. 22: 205-218.
Abd El–Ghani, M.M. 1996. Vegetation along a transect in the
Hijaz mountains (Saudi Arabia). J. Arid Environ., 32: 289–04
Abd El–Ghani, M.M., 1997. Vegetation analysis and species
diversity along an altitudinal gradient in the central Hijaz
Mountains of Saudi Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Scient. Res., 15:
399–414
Abd El-Ghani, M.M. 1993. Habitat features and plant communities
of the Holy places, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Feddes Repertorium,104
(5-6): 417-425
Abd
El-Ghani, M.M. 1997. Phenology of ten common plant
species in western Saudi Arabia.
J. Arid Env. 35(4): 673-683
Abd El-Rahman, A.A. and Beleg, E.
1974. Analysis of climatic elements in Saudi Arabia. Bull. Fac.
Sci., Riyadh Univ. 6: 98-123.
Abd El-Rahman,
A.A. 1886. The desert of the Arabian Peninsula. In: Evenari, M.
et al (eds). Hot desert and arid shrub-land, Ecosystems of the
world. Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. Amsterdam 29-54.
Abdel Razik, M.S. 1991. Population
structure and ecological performance of the mangrove Avicennia
marina (Forssk.) Vierh. on the Arabian Gulf coast of Qatar, J.
Arid Env. 20: 331-338.
Abdel-Mawgood,
A.I.; Assaeed, A.; Al-Abdallatif, T. 2005. Genetic diversity in
an isolated population of Capparis deciduas. The Role of
Biotechnology. Villa Gualino, Turin, Italy – 5-7 March: 185-186.
Abdel-Mawgood, A.L.; Assaeed, A.M.,;Al-Abdallatif, T.I .2006.
Application of RAPD technique for the conservation of an
isolated population of Capparis
decidua. Alex J Agric Res 51:
171-177
Abdel-Mawgood, A.L.; Jakse, J.; Al-Doss,
A.A. & Assaeed, A.A. 2010. Genetic structure and diversity
within and among six populations of Capparis decidua
(forssk.) edgew. from Saudi Arabia, African Journal of
Biotechnology 9(38): 6256-6263
Abdel-Fattah,
R.I., Ali, A.A., 2005. Vegetation environment relationships in
Taif, Saudi Arabia. Int. J. Bot. 1: 206–211.
Abderrahman, W.A.
& Al-Harazin, I.M. 1999. Impacts of climatic change on
irrigation demands and desertification in Saudi Arabia, The
third conference on desertification and environmental studies,
Proceedings beyond the year 2000, Prince Sultan Centre for
Environmental, water and desert Research, King Saud University,
Riyadh.
Abdullah,
M.A.R. & Abulfatih, H.A. 1995. Predation of Acacia
seeds by bruchid beetles and its relationto altitudinal gradient
in south-western Saudi Arabia, J. of
Arid. Env. 29(1): 99-105
Abdullah Eben
Saleh, M. 1998. Alternative land management approaches in the
highlands of southwestern Saudi Arabia. Environmental
Conservation 25 (4): 295–304.
Abohassan, A.A. and Rudolph, V.J. 1978.
Afforestation for sand dune stabilization in Al Hassa Oasis,
Saudi Arabia. pp. 257-259. In D.N. Hyder (ed.). Proceedings of
the first international rangeland congress. Denver, USA.
Abo-Hassan, A.A.; Asta, M.L. & Sabry, M.M.
1984. Natural forests in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its
potential economic use. SANCST, Riyadh. (in arabic)
Abou-Zeid, A.M.; Altalhi, A.D. and Abd
El-Fattah, R.E. 2009. Bacterial control of pathogenic fungi
isolated from some wild plants in Taif Governorate, Saudi
Arabia. Mycopath 7(1): 11-20
Abu Hassan, A. A.,
Asta, M. L. & Sarry, M. M. (1984): Natural forestry in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its potential economic use. SANCST.
Riyadh (in Arabic).
Abu-Hassan, A. and Sabri, M. 1989.
Economic feasibility of Timber production in the southwestern
region of Saudi Arabia. In. Proc. of the First NCWCD/IUCN
workshop: Ecological imperatives for the conservation and
sustainable use of the flora and fauna of Saudi Arabia. June
20-21, 1989, NCWCD, Riyadh.
Abulfatih, H.A.
1979. Vegetation of higher elevation of Asir, Saudi Arabia,
Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc., 3: 139-148.
Abulfatih, H.A.
1981. Plant Ecology of Dalaghan National Park, Asir Province,
Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 5: 131-141.
Abulfatih, H.A.
1981. Wild plants of Abha and its surroundings. Proc. Saudi Bio.
Soc. 5: 143-159.
Abulfatih, H. A.
1983. Elevationally restricted floral element of the Asir
mountains, Saudi Arabia, J. of Arid Environments 7:
35-41.
Abulfatih, H. A.
1983. Germination characteristics of 9 species from Abha. J. of
Arid Environments: 6: 247-251.
Abulfatih, H. A.
1991. Quantitative assessment of wild trees in southwestern
Saudi Arabia. Biological Sciences 1: 117-127
Abulfatih, H.A.
1992. Vegetation zonation along an altitudinal gradient between
sea level and 3000m in southwestern Saudi Arabia., Jour. King
Saud University, 4(1): 57-97.
Abulfatih, H.A. 1988. Altitudinal
distribution of the hemiparasitic Loranthaceae in southwestern
Saudi Arabia. Biotropica, 20: 81-83.
Abulfatih, H.A. and Hashish, A. 1995. The
contribution of Acacia species to the soil nitrogen in
south-west Saudi Arabia. J. King Saud Univ., Science 7(1): 21-26
Abulfatih, H.A.,
H.A. Emara and A. El-Hashish 1989. Influence of grazing on
vegetation and soil of Asir highlands in south western Saudi
Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 7:69-78.
Abu Ziada, M.E. 1998. Vegetation of
Tabuk-Duba area, Saudi Arabia. In Omar, S.A.S.; Misak, R.;
Al-Ajmi, D. & Al-Awadhi, N. (eds.) Sustainable Development in
Arid Zones. Vol. 2, Mangement and improvement of desert
resources: pp. 461-475. Balkema Publishers, Brookfield.
Abuzinada, A.H. 1998. Restoration
of desert ecosystems through wildlife management - The Saudi
experience. In Omar, S.A.S.; Misak, R.; Al-Ajmi, D. & Al-Awadhi,
N. (eds.) Sustainable Development in Arid Zones. Vol. 2,
Management and improvement of desert resources: pp. 641-648.
Balkema Publishers, Brookfield.
Abuzinada, A.H. &
Joubert, E. (Eds.) 1999. Proceedings of the workshop on the
conservation of the flora of the Arabian Peninsula, Arabian
Plant Specialist Group, NCWCD, Riyadh.
Abuzinada, A.H.; Goriup, P. and Nader, I.
(eds.) 1989. Proceedings of the first symposium on Wildlife
conservation and development in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Feb. 1987.
NCWCD, Publication #3
Ahmed, S.S. (Report year not
known). Phyto-ecology of Zifaf Island. Unpublished report.
NCWCD, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Al-Abdulkader, A.
M.; Shanavaskhan, A. E.; Al-Khalifah, N. S.; Nasroun, T. H.
2009. The economic feasibility of firewood plantation
enterprises in Saudi Arabia. Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific
Research 27 (1-2): 1-6
Al-Farraj, M.M. et al. 1988.
Ecophysiological studies on Citrullus colocynthis (L.)
Schrad and Cucumis prophetarum L. in Saudi Arabia. I.
Seed germination. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 3: 377-387.
Al-Fredan M.A.
2008. Sand dune and sabkha vegetations of eastern Saudi Arabia.
Int J. Bot 4: 196-204.
Al-Helal, A.A.; Al-Farraj, M.M.;
El-Desoki, R.A. and Al-Habashi. 1989. Germination response of
Cassia senna L. Seeds to Sodium salts and temperature. J.
Univ. Kuwait (Sci.) 16: 281-287.
Al-Hemaid, F.M.
1996. Vegetation and distribution of the sand seas in Saudi
Arabia, Geobios, 23: 2-15.
Al-Hemaid, F.M..
1998. Preliminary study on the vegetation of the Rawdhat Umm
Hazim, Saudi Arabia. J. Saudi. Bio. Sci., 5 (2): 3-8.
Al-Hemaid,
F.M.
2000. A new Hypothesis of the Juniper Dieback in Saudi Arabia.
Proc. of the 2nd International Conference of
Economics and Conservation of Renewable Natural Resources in
Arid Zones (NCWCD), Riyadh, pp. 1-12.
Al-Hemaid, F.M.
2002. Sand dunes Vegetation of The Central Region in Saudi
Arabia. Res. Bull., No. (113), Res. Cent. Coll. of Agri., King
Saud Univ., 5-45.
Al-Hemaid, F.M.
2002. Sand Dunes Vegetation of the Central Region in Saudi
Arabia. King Saud University, Riyadh
Al-Homaid, N.; Sadiq, M. & Khan, M.H.
1990. Some desert plants of Saudi Arabia and their relation to
soil characteristics. J. Arid Env., 18: 43-49.
Al-Homaid, N. & Khan, M.H.1996. Plant
succession in sandy desert ecosystem in the Eastern Province of
Saudi Arabia. In Omar,
S.A.S.; Misak, R.; Al-Ajmi, D. & Al-Awadhi, N. (eds.)
Sustainable Development in Arid Zones. Vol. 2, Management and
improvement of desert resources: pp.
477-483.
Balkema Publishers, Brookfield.
AL-Hubaishi, A.
and MU Ller-Hohenstein, K. 1984. An Introduction to the
Vegetation of Yemen. Eschborn: GTZ.
AL-Humaid, A. I. &
Warrag, M. O. 1998. Allelopathic effects of mesquite (Prosopis
juliflora) foliage on seed germination and seedling growth
of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon). J. Arid Environ. 38:
237–243.
Al-Huqail, A.,
Al-Turki, T.A., 2006. Ecological studies on the natural
vegetation at Sabkha Al-Aushazia in Al-Qassim region, Saudi
Arabia. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 13, 79–110.
Al-Jaloud A.A., Chaudhary S.A.,
Bashour I.I., Qureshi S., Al-Shangitti, A., 1994. Nutrient
evaluation of some arid range plants in Saudi Arabia. Journal of
Arid Environments, 28: 299-311.
Al-Khalifah, N.S., P.R. Khan, A.M.
Al-Abdulkader, T. Nasroun & A.H. Al-Farhan. 2003. Impact of
water stress on growth of two fuelwood plants of Saudi Arabia.
Ann. Arid Zone 42: 155–163.
Al-Khalifah, N.S, Nasroun, T.H.,
Al-Abdulkader,A.M. Al-Farhan,A.H. and Shanavaskhan, A.E.2005.
Problems and remedies for the regeneration of Ghada and Ertaa in
SaudiArabia. Saudi Journal of Biol.Sci. 12(1): 15-26.
Al-Khalifah, N.S. and Shanavaskhan
A.E.2005. Effect of seasonal Weather condition of Saudi Arabia
on the performance and growth of eight cultivars of Turfgrass.
Journal of Sports Turf Research Institute 81: 2-9.
Al-Khalifah, N.S. Askari, E.,
Shanavaskhan, A.E. and Hadi, S. (2005). Morphologic and genetic
analysis of some turfgrass cultivars Grown in Saudi Arabia.
International Turfgrass Society Research Journal (Technical
Paper) Vol.10 (Annex):54-55
Al-Khalifah, N.S.; Khan, P.R.;
Al-Abdulkader, A.M. and Nasroun, T. 2006. Impact of water
stress on the sapwood anatomy and functional morphology of
Calligonum comosum. IAWA Journal, 27 (3): 299–312
Al-Khalifah, N.S.
& Shanavaskhan, A.E. 2007. On the distribution, status and
phenology of Ghada (Haloxylon persicum Bunge) in the
Arabian Peninsula. Tropical Ecology 48(1): 51-60.
Ali, A.; Alfarhan,
A.H.; Robinson, E. and Aldjain, I. 2008. Pattern of Survival
and Mortality of Mangrove Populations Grown at Al-Jubail Area
(Saudi Arabia) of the Arabian Gulf. American Journal of
Agricultural and Biological Sciences 3 (3): 610-616.
Allard, B.W. 1968. Range management
training handbook for Saudi Arabia, FAO, Rome.
Allred, B.W. 1968.
Range and their management in Saudi Arabia. Ministry of
Agriculture and Water, Riyadh.
Allred, B.W. 1968. Range management
training handbook for Saudi Arabia. FAO, Rome, P.L. : PFC/4.
Allred, B.W. 1971.
Woodlands in Saudi Arabia. Dept. of Forest, Ministry of
Agriculture and water, Riyadh FAO, 17p.
Al-Mana, F. A. and Aref, I. M. 1997.
Suitable trees for the local environment and its uses. Extension
Bulletin. Agricultural Extension Center, College of Agriculture,
King Saud University. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Al-Osti, M.M. &
Abu-Hasan, A. 1987. The Important Technological Characteristics
of Juniper Trees. King Abdulaziz City for Science and
Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (In Arabic): xv 1 88 p.
Al-Rowaily S.L.,
1999. Rangeland of Saudi Arabia and the “tragedy of commons”.
Rangelands 21. pp.27-29.
Alatar, A.A., Mohamed El-Sheikh,
M. A. & Thomas, J. 2011, Vegetation analysis of Wadi Al-Jufair,
a hyper arid region in Central Saudi Arabia, Saudi Journal of
Biological Sciences 19: 43-54
Alsakhan, M.O.
1997. Present state of rangeland and forest of Saudi Arabia:
important of their conservation and development. In: Proceeding
of renewable natural resources and the important of protecting
and developing them. Dept. of Range and Forest, Ministry of
Agriculture and Water, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (in Arabic).
Al-Sewaigh,
S. M. Al-Whaibi, M. H., and
Basalah, M. O. 1991. Simulation of
salt stress in date palm seedlings. Arab Gulf J.
Sci. Res. 9(1): 45-62. (In Arabic).
Al-Sheikh, A.M.;
Mahmood, A. & El-Tom, M. 1985. Ecology of the inland salt marsh
vegetation at Al-Shiggah in Al-Qassim district, Saudi Arabia,
Arab Gulf Jour. Sci. & Res., 3(1): 165-182.
Al-Sheikh, A.A. & Tag El-Din, S. 1996.
Study of watershed resources of Raudhat Khuraym, Saudi Arabia,
as a model for desert development.
In Omar, S.A.S.; Misak, R.;
Al-Ajmi, D. & Al-Awadhi, N. (eds.) Sustainable Development in
Arid Zones. Vol. 2, Mangement and improvement of desert
resources: pp. 561-.573.
Balkema Publishers, Brookfield.
Al-Sheriff, A.S. 1984. The geography of
the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Part II. The south western
province. Dar El-Marikh, Riyadh.
Al-Sodany, Y.M.; Mosallam, H.A. and
Baziad, S.A. 2011. Vegetation analysis of Mahazat Al-Sayd
Protected area: The second largest fenced nature reserve in the
world. World Applied sciences Journal. 15(8): 1144-1156
Al-Soliman, T.M.
1993 Environmental impacts and the need for a national
environmental policy in Saudi Arabia. Journal of
Architectural and Planning Research 10(3): 219–41.
Al-Sultan, S.;
Tanaka,S, A.Hoyano, A.; & Sugimura, T. 2000. Monitoring of
vegetation growth along Wadi Al-Rumah, KSA using C-band of
Radarsat, L-band of JERS-1 and comparison with LandsatTM data.
Adv. SpuceRes. 26 (7) 1155-1158.
Al-Turki, T. A.
1992: Systematic and ecological studies of Suaeda and
Salicornia from Saudi Arabia and Britain. – Ph. D. Thesis,
University of East Anglia, Norwich, England
Al-Turki, T.A. &
Thomas, J. 2010. An account on the floral dimorphism and ecology
of the genus Moltkiopsis I.M.Johnst. (Boraginaceae) in
Saudi Arabia. Turk J Bot. 34 (5): 367-377.
Al-Wadie,
H. 2002. Floristic composition and vegetation of Wadi Talha,
Aseer Mountains, South West Saudi Arabia. Online J. of Bio. Sci.
2(5): 285-288.
Al-Wasel, A.S. 2000.
Micropropagation of Acacia seyal Del. in vitro,
J. Arid Env. 46(4): 425-431.
Alwelaie, A.N.
1985. The role of natural and human factors in the degradation
of the environment in Central, Eastern and Northern Saudi
Arabia. PhD thesis, University of California, Riverside.
Alwelaie, A.N.
1989. Factors contributing to the degradation of the environment
in central, eastern and northern Saudi Arabia. In A.H.
Abuzinada, P.H. Goriup and I.A. Nader (eds) Wildlife
Conservation and Development in Saudi Arabia (pp. 37–61).
Proceedings of the First Symposium, Riyadh 1987. NCWCD
Publication Number 3. Riyadh: NCWCD.
Alwelaie, A.N.,
Chaudhary, S.A. & Al-Wetaid, Y. 1993. Vegetation of some Red Sea
Islands of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Jour. Arid. Env. 24:
287-296.
Al-Yemeni, M. &
Al-Farraj, M.M. 1995. The seed bank of desert soil in Central
Saudi Arabia. Pak. Jour. Bot. 27: 309-319.
Al-Yemeni, M.N.
2001. Ecology of some plant communities in Wadi Al-Ammaria,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 8
(2): 145-165.
Al-Yemeni MN
2000. Ecological studies on Sand dunes vegetation in Al-Kharj
region, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J. Bio. Sci., 7(1): 64-87.
Al-Yemeni, M.N.;
Al-Farraj, M.M. and Alfarhan, A.2000. Ecological studies on
Rawdhat system in Saudi Arabia - II. Soil seed bank of Rawdhat
Khorim, Pak. J. Bot., 32(2): 273-282.
Al-Yemeni,
M.N. and Zayed, K.M. 1999. Ecology of some plant communities
along Riyadh-Al-Thumamah Road, Saudi Arabia. Saudi J. Bio. Sci.,
6(1): 9-26.
Al-Yemeni, M.N. and Basahy, A.Y. 1999.
Breaking of seed dormancy in Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.)
Boiff., Pak. J. Bot. 31(2): 247-252.
Al-Yemeni, M, and Sher, H. 2010.
Biological spectrum with some other ecological attributes of the
flora and vegetation of the Asir Mountain of South West, Saudi
Arabia. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 9(34)5550-5559.
Al-Zaghat, M.F. and El-Din, S.S.T. 1983.
Cultivation of Atriplex spp.- Desert Research Institute
Experimental station. Publ. 3, Riyadh.
Al-Zahrani, M.H. 2003. Study on the vegetation and ecosystem of
Bani Saad Mountains, South of Al-Taif City. Umm Al-Qura Univ. J.
Sci. Med. Eng. 15(1): 9-21
Al-Zahrani, K.H. &
Elhag, E.A. 2005. Environmental pollution and its effect on The
Sustainable Development of Tourism and Vegetation in Al-Baha
area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . Res. Bull., No. (139), Food Sci.
& Agric. Res. Center, King Saud Univ., 5-35.
Al-Zeid, A.M. & Al-Khateeb, S.A.
2004. Productivity and quality of Panicum turgidum
Forssk. growing in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Damascus J. of Agri.
Sci. 20: 151-162.
Anonymous 1980. A
report on the excursion to Al-Khuraym, Khafs and the areas
surrounding Sudair, Riyadh Ministry of Agriculture and Water (in
Arabic) 17p.
Anton, D., 1984. “ Aspects of
Geomorphological Evolution: Paleosols and Dunes in Saudi
Arabia.” In: A. Jado and J. Zotl, (eds.). Quaternary Period in
Saudi Arabia, pp. 275-296, New York: Springer-Verlag.
Aref, I. M. and El-Juhany, L. I. 1999. Effects of water deficit
on the growth of Acacia asak, A. tortilis and
A. gerrardi. Mansoura University J. of Agri. Sci., Egypt,
24 (10): 5627-5636.
Aref, I. M., El-Juhany, L. I. and Nasroon, T. H. 1999. Pattern
above-ground biomass production and allocation in of Leucaena
leucocephala (lam.) de Wit. trees when planted at different
spacing. Saudi J. of Biol. Sci., 6, (1): 27-34.
Aref, I. M., Al-kherb, S. M., El-Juhany,L. I., El-Husssieni, S.
and El-Wakeel, A. O.. 2000. Fungi associated with leaf blight in
Juniperus procera (Hochest.Ex. EndL) seedling growth in green
house. Alexandria Science Exchange, Egypt, 21(2): 145-152.
Aref, I. M. 2000. Effects of pre-germination treatments and
sowing depths upon germination potential of some Acacia
species. King Saud University College of Agriculture,
Agriculture Research Center, Research Bulletin, Saudi Arabia,
No. 95: 5-17.
Aref, I. M and El-Juhany L. I. 2001. Impact of sudden water
stress on the growth of eight Acacia species. Alexandria
Science Exchange, Egypt, 22 (4): 413-422.
Aref, I. M. 2002. The effect of light intensity on seed
germination and seedling growth of Cassia fistula (Linn.),
Enterolobium saman (Jacq.) Prin Ex King. and Delonix regia
(BOJ) RAF. Alexandria Journal of Agricultural Research, Egypt,
47 (2): 73-80.
Aref M. I. 2002. Growth potential of some legume forest species
in media mixed with litterfall from different tree plantations.
Proceedings of the Symposium for tourism and gardens. Held in
Jordan, KJH, 94-100.
Aref, M. I., Elkhalifa, K.F., and El-Juhany L. I. A 2003.
dendrological Key Identification of Acacia species
growing in Saudi Arabia and Northern Sudan. J. of King Abdulaziz
University Meteorology Environment and Arid Land Agriculture
Sciences, Saudi Arabia, 14: 87-94.
Aref, I. M., El-Juhany L. I., and Hegazy S. S. 2003. Comparison
of the growth and biomass production of six Acacia species in
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia after 4 years of irrigated cultivation.
Journal of Arid Environments, USA, 54: 783-792.
Aref. I. M and El-Juhany L. I. and Hegazy S. S. 2004. Effect of
initial thinning on the growth and biomass characteristics of
Zizyphus spine christi trees. Pakistan J. of Biol. Sci.,
Pakistan, 7 (1): 1-5.
Aref, M. I., El-Juhany L. I., and Elkhalifa, K.F. 2004. Effects
of sodium chloride concentrations on seed germination of
Acacia nilotica spp. tomentosa and Acacia
gerrardii var. najdensis. Journal of the Advances in
Agricultural Research, Egypt, 9 (1) : 33-41
Aref, I. M., L. I.
El-Juhany and S. S. Hegazy 2003. Comparison of the growth and
biomass production of six Acacia species in Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia after four years of irrigated cultivation. Journal of
Arid Environments 54 (4): 783-792.
Aref, I. M and Al-Galaty, M. A. 2008.
Effect of Forest Fires on Tree Diversity in Baha Region Forest.
Fourth International Conference for Development and Environment.
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 18-20 March.
Aref. I.M; El-Juhany, L. and Shalby, M. N.
2006. Establishment of Acacia plantation in the Central
part of Saudi Arabia with the aid of Driwater. The 2nd
International Conference on Water Resources and Arid
Environment, 26-29 November, Riyadh-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Aref, I. M. 2000. Afforestation and
reforestation in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Science and
Technology, vol. 52 p.25-29. King Abdulaziz City for Science and
Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Aref, I. M. 2000. Domestic tourism' A new
scientific and ornamental view. Al-Yamamh magazine, vol. 1622,
p38-41. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 14.
Aref, I. M. 2000. Deterioration of the
environment and its causes. Journal of King Khalid Military
College, Vol. 62 (53-57). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Assaeed, A. M.
1997. The present state of rangelands and the important of
protecting them. I n : Proceeding of renewable natural
resources and the important of protecting and developing them.
Dept. of Range and Forest, Ministry of Agriculture and Water,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (in Arabic)
Assaeed A.M., 1997. Estimation of
biomass and utilization of three perennial grasses in Saudi
Arabia. J. of Arid Environments 36: 103-111.
Assaeed, A.M.
1996. Hammada elegans-Rhazya stricta competitive
relationships in a deteriorated range site in Raudhat Al-Khafs,
Saudi Arabia. J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ. 21: 957-964.
Assaeed, A.M.;
Al-Saiady, M.Y.; Al-Jaloud, A,A. 1995. Towards formulating a
management plan for Farasan wildlife reserve. A Report on
results of field and laboratory research and observations. NWCD,
Riyadh, pp 40
Assaeed, A.M. &
Al-Doss, A.A. 1997. Allelopathic effects of Rhazya stricta
on seed germination of some range plants, Annals Agric. Sci.,
Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, 42(1), 159-167.
Assaeed A. M. and A. A. Al-Doss. 1996.
Effect of Rhazya stricta foliage leachate on seedling
growth and survival of some range plant species. Met., Envi.,
Arid Land Agric. Sci. 7: 13-20.
Assaeed, A.M. and
A.A. Al-Doss 2002. Soil seed bank of a desert range site
infested with Rhazya stricta in Raudhat al-Khafs, Saudi
Arabia. Arid Land Res. & Manage. 16:83-95.
Ayyad, M.A. 1998. Multipurpose
species in Arab African countries. UNESCO Cairo Office, Cairo,
Egypt.
Aziz, M. & Abdul Wahid, Y. 1977.
The final report on the second agriculture defense line in
Al-Hassa. Sand Stabilization project, Min. Agri. and water,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Bagader, A.A.,
El-Sabbagh, A., Al-Glayand, M., Sammari, M. and Llewellyn, O.
1991. Islamic principles for the conservation of the natural
environment. IUCN Environmental Policy and Law Paper 20. Gland
Switzerland: IUCN.
Bagnold, R.A. 1951. Sand formations in
southern Arabia. Geogr. J. 117: 78-85.
Baierle, H.U. &
Frey, W. 1986. A Vegetational transect through central Saudi
Arabia (At-Taif-Ar-Riyadh) in Kurschner, H. (ed). 1986a:
111-136.
Baierle, H.U.;
El-Sheikh, A.M.; Frey, W.; Konig, P. & Kurschner, H. 1985. TAVO
AVIG MITTLERES Saudi Arabian vegetation (Central Saudi Arabia –
Vegetation) Wiesbade, Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag.
Basson, P.W.,
Burchard, J.E., Hardy, J.T. and Price, A.R.T. 1977.
Biotopes of
the Western Arabian Gulf: Marine Life and Environments of Saudi
Arabia.
Dhahran: Arabian American Oil Company
Barth, H.
1995. An assessment of the impact of overgrazing within the
sanctuary and an evaluation of the potential grazing capacity.
In: F. Krupp and R. Fleming, Editors, Establishment of a marine
habitat and wildlife sanctuary for the Gulf region, CEC/NCWCD,
Jubail and Frankfurt, pp. 131–147
Barth, H. 1999. Desertification in the
Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, J.
Arid. Env. 43(4): 399-410
Barth, H.
1998. Status of Vegetation and an
Assessment of the Impact of Overgrazing in an Area north of
Jubail, Saudi Arabia. In: S. A.S. Omar,
R. Misak and D. Al-Ajmi, Editors, Sustainable development in
arid zones, Balkena, Rotterdam pp. 435–450.
Barth, H. (ed.) 2002. Sabkha ecosystems:
Vol. 1. The Arabian Peninsula and Adjacent countries. Kluwer
Academic Publ., Dordrecht.
Barth, H.-J. and
Böer, B. (eds) 2002. The
sabkha ecosystems of the Arabian Peninsula region: distribution
and ecology.
Tasks for Vegetation Science.
Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Barth, H. 2006. Sabkha Edge Vegetation of
Coastal and Inland Sabkhat in Saudi Arabia. Khan, M.A. and
Weber, D.J. (eds). Ecophysiology of high salinity tolerant
plants 40: 215-224.
Barth, H.; A.
Niestlé, A. & Barth, H. 1994. Geographical and geo-ecological
survey of the sanctuary area. In: E. Feltkamp and F. Krupp,
Editors, Establishment of a marine habitat and wildlife
sanctuary for the Gulf region, CEC/NCWCD, Jubail and Frankfurt
pp. 43–156
Basahy, A.Y. 1996. Seed Germination
Response of Two Desert Species from Saudi Arabia to Temperature,
J. of King Saud University. Science. 8(1): 25-32
Basalah, M.O. 1991. Effect of salinity on
seed germination and growth of squash (Cucurbita pepo L.)
seedlings. Arab Gulf J. Res., 9(2):87-97.
Basalah, M.O. 2001. Analysis of some plant
growth regulators in some medicinal dormant seeds of desert
plants in Saudi Arabia I: Cytokinin contents of Rhazya
stricta seeds. Pak. J. Bio. Sci. 4(1): 50-52.
Basalah, M.O. 2010. Action of salinity on
seed germination and seedling growth of Solanum melongena
L., J. Agric. Res. Kafer El-Sheikh Univ., 36 (1): 64-73
Basson, P.W.; Burchard, J.E. hardy,
J.T. & Price, A.R.G. 1977. Biotopes of Western Arabian Gulf,
Aramco, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
Batanouny, K.H. 1975. Certain
factors involved in the evaluation of lands in arid and
semi-arid zones. International Seminar, Land evaluation in arid
and semi-arid lands of Latin America. ILLA, Rome pp.79-96.
Batanouny, K. H.
1981. Ecology and Flora of Qatar. Doha: University of Qatar.
Batanouny, K.H.
1979. Vegetation along the Jeddah-Mecca road: pattern and
process as affected by human impact. J. Arid Environ. 2:21-30.
Batanouny, K.H.
1987. Current knowledge of plant ecology in the Arab Gulf
countries. Catena 14:291-316.
Batanouny, K.H.
1991. Vegetation of the Summan (Arabia): Pattern and process as
affected by human impact and modern technology. IVth.
International Rangeland Congress, Montpellier, France. 4:
310-314.
Batanouny, K.H. 1984. Rangelands of the
Arabian Peninsula with a special reference to the history of
range management: The Hema, an old Arabian reserve system,
Second Int. Rangeland Congress, Working papers, Adelaide,
Australia.
Batanouny, K.H. 1985. Latin botanical
names of Arabic origin. Bull. Faculty of Human and Social Sci
Univ. of Qatar. 9:395-431 (in Arabic).
Batanouny, K.H. 1987. Current knowledge of
plant ecology in the Arab Gulf countries, Catena, 14: 291-316.
Batanouny, K.H. 1990.
Rangeland ecology of the Arab Gulf countries.
Proceeding of the First International Conference on Range
Management in the Arabian Gulf. 33-56. London: Kegan Paul
International.
Batanouny, K.H.
and Baeshin, N.A. 1978. Studies on the flora of Arabia: 1, the
Jeddah-Mecca road, Saudi Arabia. Taeckholmia 9: 67-81.
Batanouny, K.H.
and N.A. Baeshin 1983. Plant communities along the Medina- Badr
road across the Hejaz mountains, Saudi Arabia. Vegetatio
53:33-43.
Batanouny, K.H. 1996. Traditional land use
in the deserts of the Arab World. The International Conference
on Desert Development in the Arab Countries -State of Kuwait, pp
697-705.
Bemert, G. &
Ormond, R. 1981. Red Sea Coral Reefs. London, UK: Kegan Paul
International: 192 pp.
Black, C.A. (ed.) 1979. Methods of soil
analysis. American Soc. of Agronomy, 2: 771-1572
Blot, J. & Hajar, A.S. 1994.
Evaluation of the ecological situation of the Raydah Protected
area, first report. Report to the NCWCD, Riyadh.
Blunt, A. 1881. A
pilgrimage to Nejd. London: Joh Murray, 2 volumes, (Reprint
(1968), London: Frank Cass).
Böer, B. &
Chaudhary, S.I. 1999. New records for the flora of the United
Arab Emirates. Willdenowia 29: 159-165.
Böer, B. 1993. Anomalous pneumatophores
and adventitious roots of Avicennia marina (Forssk.)
Vierh. Mangroves two years after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill in
Saudi Arabia Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume 27:
207-211
Böer, B. and Lieth,
H. (1999) ‘Halophytes for seawater irrigation in the Arabian
Peninsula – a review’. In: Leith, H., Hamdy, A., Koyro, H.-W.
and Moschenko, M. (eds)
Halophyte crop development for
different climates, pp 33–55.
Proceedings of the 3rd
Seminar of the EU Concerted Action Group IC 18 CT 96–0055.
Journal of Biometeorology
Bokhari, U. G.
Alyaesh, F. & Al-Noori, M. 1987: Adaptive strategies of Desert
Grasses in Saudi Arabia. J. Range Manage. 40 (1): 19-22.
Boug, A. 1999.
Environmental impacts of development in the Sarawat Mountains.
(Unpublished report submitted to the Emara of the Al Baha, Taif
and Asir regions). Riyadh: NCWCD.
Boulos, L. 1985. The Middle East.
in Goodin, J.R. and Northington, D.K. (eds.) Plant Resources of
arid and semi-arid lands. Academic Press. Pp. 129-185.
Boulos, L.,
Miller, A.G., Mill, R.R., 1994: Regional overview: South West
Asia and the Middle East In: Davis, S.D., Heywood, V.H.,
Hamilton, A.C., (Eds.): Centres of Plant Diversity, A guide and
strategy for their conservation. Vol. 1 Europe, Africa and SW
Asia adn the Middle East. IUCN publications unit, Cambridge, UK.
Brooks, W.H. & Mandil, K.S.D. 1983.
Vegetation dynamics in the Asir woodlands of southwestern Saudi
Arabia. J. Arid Env. 6: 357-362.
Brown, G.F. 1960. Geomorphology of Western
and Central Saudi Arabia. 21st International Geol. Cong.
Copenhagen, Re. 21, 150-159.
Brown, G.F. 1972. Tectonic map of the
Arabian Peninsula. Saudi Arabian Director General of Mineral
Resources. Arabian Peninsula Map AP-2
Brown, G. 2001.
Vegetation ecology and biodiversity of degraded desert areas in
north-eastern Arabia.
Habilitation thesis,
Rostock University
Brown, G.,
Peacock J, Loughland, R. and Alhadrami G.A. 2005. Coastal and
terrestrial ecosystem management requirements in the GCC States.
UNESCO Qatar.
Buckley, R.C.
1987. The effect of sparse vegetation
on the transport of dune sand by wind. Nature 325:
426–428
Canfield, R. 1941.
Application of the line intercept method in sampling range
vegetation. Journal of Forestry, 39: 288-393.
Chapman, R.W.
1978. Geomorphology of Arabian Peninsula, In: Sayari, A. and
Zotl, J. (eds), Quaternary period in Saudi Arabia,
Springer-Verlag, New York pp. 19-29.
Chapman, R.W.,
1978. General information on the Arabian Peninsula. In
(Al-Sayari, S. S. and J. G. Zötl, eds). Quaternary Period in
Saudi Arabia. Springer-Verlah, Weien, N.Y. pp. 4-30.
Chaudhary, S.A. &
Al-Jowaid, A.A. 1999. Vegetation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh.
Chaudhary, S.A.
1983. Vegetation of Great Nafud. Saudi Arabian Nat. Hist. Soc.
2: 32-33.
Chaudhary, S.A.
1989. Understanding the desert range plants of Saudi Arabia, in
Abu-zinada, A.; Goriup, P.D. & Nader, I.A. (eds)- Wildlife
conservation and development in Saudi Arabia, Proc. First Symp.,
NCWCD, Publi. No. 3: 156-164.
Chaudhary, S.A.;
El-Sheikh, A.M.; Al-Farraj, M.M.; Al-Farhan, A.H.; Al-Wutaid, Y.
and Ahmed, S.S. 1988. Vegetation of some high altitude areas of
Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc., 11: 237-246.
Collenette, I.S. 2008.
Saudi Arabia's
Jabal Shada. Cactus and Succulent Journal 80(2):
67-71.
Cope, T. 2007. Flora of the Arabian
Peninsula and Socotra. Vol. 5(1). Edited by S. G. KNEES & A. G.
MILLER. – Edinburgh University Press.
Dabbagh, AI,
Hotzl, H and Schiner, H 1984.. Farasan Islands. In:
Jado A and Zotl, I (eds.) Quaternary periods in Saudi Arabia,
Vol. 2. Springer-Verlag, Wienn and New York, pp. 212-226.
Danin, A. 1996. Plants of desert dunes. Springer, Heidelberg.
Danin, A. 1999. Desert rocks as plant refugia in the Near East.
Botanical Review
65(2): 93–170.
Davis, P.H.; Harper, P.C. and Hedge, I.C.
(eds.). 1971. Plant life of South West Asia. Botanical Society
of Edinburgh.
De Clerk, O. and E.
Coppejans, E. 1994. Status of the macroalgae and seagrass
vegetation after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill.
Courier
Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg
166:
8–21.
Deflers, A. 1889.
Voyage au Yemen. Paris: P. Klincksieck
Deil, U. & Muller-Hohenstein, K. 1985.
Beitrage Zur Vegetation des Jemen 1: Pflanzengesellschaften und
Ökotopgefuge
der Gebirgstihamah am Beispiel des Beckens von At tur (J.A.R.).
- Phytocoenologia 13(1): 1-102.
Deil, U. 1998.
‘Coastal and Sabkha Vegetation.’ In: Ghazanfar, S. and Fisher,
M. (eds)
Vegetation of the Arabian
Peninsula, pp 209–228.
Geobotany
25.
Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Dicks, B.1986. Oil and black mangrove,
Avicenniamarina
in the Northern Red Sea.
Marine Pollution Bulletin
17
: 500–503.
Doughty, C.M. 1888. Travels in Arabia
Deserta. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Draz, A. 1965.
Rangeland and its improvement in Saudi Arabia, Riyadh (in
Arabic). 157 p.
Draz, A. 1972. Rangeland protection
in the Arabian Peninsula and its effect on improvement of range
and soil conservation. Man-Environment-Development. Arabian
Organization for Education and Science, Cairo (in Arabic).
Draz, O., 1965. Rangeland
development in Saudi Arabia (in Arabic), Riyadh University,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (Report).
Draz, O. 1965. (Umar 'Abd al Majid
Diraz). al Mara i wa wasil tahsiniha fi al mamlakah al arabiyah
as saudiyah. Ar. Riyadh.
Duba, D.R. and Ellis, J. 1978.
Rangeland vegetation and livestock resources in the Arabic
shield south: inventory and management, Annex 13 of unpublished
report to the Min. of Agri. and water resources, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia.
Duba, G. 1980.
Woodland resources and policy of Saudi Arabia.
Unpublished report. Colorado State Univ. Fort. Collins, USA.
Eben Saleh, M.A.
1996. Al-Alkhalaf vernacular landscape: the planning and
management of land in an insular context, Asir region,
southwestern Saudi Arabia. Landscape and Urban Planning
34(2): 79–95.
Eben Saleh, M.A.
1997. Toward a sustainable land management of vernacular
landscape in the highlands of south-western Saudi Arabia:
indigenous and statutory experiences. Landscape Research
22(3): 283–302.
Eben- Saleh, M. A. 1998. Land use and
planning of vernacular landscape in highlands of the southwest
of Saudi Arabia. - Journal of Sustainable Forestry 7: 53–76.
Edgell, H.S. 2006 Arabian Deserts: Nature, Origin and
Evolution. Springer-Verlag.
El-Demerdash, M.A.
1996. The vegetation of the Farasan Island, Red Sea, Saudi
Arabia, J. Vegetation Science, 7: 81-88.
El-Demerdash, M.A. 1996. Vegetation-soil
relationships along the Red Sea coastal desert, Saudi Arabia, J.
Union Arab Biol., Cairo, 3(B): 1-22.
El-Demerdash, M.A. and Zilay, A.M. 1993.
An introduction to the habitats and plant communities in Tihama
coastal plains of Jazan area, Saudi Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Sci.
Res. 12: 285-299.
El–Demerdash, M.A., Hegazy, A.K. and
Zilay, A.M. 1995. Vegetation–soil relationships in Tihamah
coastal plains of Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. J. Arid Environ.,
30: 161–174.
El–Demerdash, M.A., Hegazy, A.K. and
Zilay, A.M. 1994. Distribution of the plant communities in
Tihama coastal plains of Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Vegetatio
112: 141-151
El-Deen, H.M.E. 2005. Population Ecology
of Rhazya stricta Decne. in Western Saudi Arabia,
International J. of Agriculture & Biology, 932–938
El-Din, S.S.T. 1994. The role of
Atriplex species in range improvement and desertification
control in arid regions.- Proc. Symp. desert studies, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia: Extant and implementation, Riyadh. 361-377.
El-Ghani, M.M.A.
1996. Vegetation along a transect in the Hijaz mountains (Saudi
Arabia, J. of Arid Envir.32, (3): 289-304.
El-Ghanim, W.M.;
Hassan, L.M.; Tarek M. Galal, T.M. & Badr, A. 2010. Floristic
composition and vegetation analysis in Hail region north of
central Saudi Arabia, Saudi J. Biological Sciences 17, 119–128.
El-Juhany, L. I. and Aref, I. M. 1999. Growth and dry matter
partitioning of Leucaena leucocephala (lam.) de Wit.
trees as affected by water stress. Alexandria J. of Agri. Res.,
Egypt, 44 (2): 237-259
El-Juhany, L. I., and Aref, I. M. 2001. Spacing effects on
relative growth rates of diameter, height and biomass production
in Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit before and after pruning.
King Abdulaziz University Journal, Meteorology, Environment and
Arid Land Agriculture 12:77-87.
El-Juhany, L. I., Aref M. I., and El-Wakeel, A. O. 2002.
Evaluation of above-ground biomass and stem volume of three
Casuarina species grown in central region of Saudi Arabia.
Emirates J. of Agri. Sci., UAE, 14: 8-13.
El-Juhany, L. I and Aref M. I. 2003. Properties of charcoal
produced from some endemic and exotic Acacia species grown in
Riyadh Saudi Arabia. J. of the Advances in Agricultural
Research, Egypt,8 (4): 695-704.
El-Juhany, L. I.
2009. Present status and degradation trends of mangrove forests
on the southern Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. American-Eurasian
J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 6(3): 328–340.
El-Karemy, Z.A.R. 2001. Vegetation
and flora of Jabal Shumrukh, southwestern Saudi Arabia. KAU
(Sci.), 30(2D): 81-98.
El-Karemy, Z.A.R. &
AL-Zahrani,
H. 2000. Plant Life along the Saudi Red Sea Coast Islands 1.
Tawila Archipelago and Ghurab Island.
J. King Abdulaziz Univ.
(Sci.), 2:. 45-58
El-Karemy, Z.A.R.
& Zayed, K.M. 1992. Distribution of plant communities across
Al-Abna escarpment, SW Saudi Arabia. Phyton (Horn, Austria), 32:
79-101.
El-Karemy, Z.A.R.
& Zayed, K.M. 1996. A contribution to the vegetation and habitat
types of Baha plateau (Saudi Arabia). Feddes Repertorium 107
(1-2): 135-144.
El-Karemy, Z.A.R. & Zayed, K.M. 1999.
Studies on the vegetation and soil seed bank in western Saudi
Arabia: 1. Wadi Fatima, Taeckholmia 19: 63-76.
El-Khayal, A.A.;
Chaloner, W.G. and Hill, C.R. 1980.
Palaeozoic plants from Saudi
Arabia. Nature 285: 33 - 34
Elkhalifa, K.F and Aref
M. I. 2003. Morphological Studies on Fourteen Acacia
species seedling grown in Saudi Arabia. Research Bulletin: No
122: 5-11.
El-Khouly, A.A.
and Al-Dawood, A.N. 2006. Effect of National Parks on Plant
Diversity Case Study: Sied National Park. The 2nd International
Conf. on Water Resources & Arid Environment, 1-16.
El-Sheikh, A.M. & Chaudhary, S.A. 1988.
Plants and plant communities of the Al-Harrah protected areas.
Proc. of the Saudi Biol. Soc. 11: 211-235.
El-Sheikh, A. M.
Chaudhary, S. A., Hassan, H. M. & Al-Farraj, M. M. 1989:
Endangered or rare plant species in Saudi Arabia. Wildlife
Conservation and Development in Saudi Arabia. NCWCD Publication
no. 3: 220-229.
El-Sheikh, A.M. 1984. Germination
of the halophytes: Zygophyllum decumbens from Saudi
Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 2: 373-384.
El-Sheikh, A. M.
Mahmoud, A. & El-Toum, M. 1985: Ecology of inland salt marsh
vegetation at Al-Shiggah in Al-Qassim District, Saudi Arabia.
Arab Gulf Journal Sc. Res. 3: 165-182.
El-Sheikh, A.M. &
Youssef, M.M. 1981 Halophytic and xerophytic vegetation near
Al-Kharj springs. J. of Coll. Sci., University of Riyadh12:
5-21.
El-Shourbagy, M.N.; Baeshin, N.A. and
El-Sahhar, K.F. 1986. Studies on the ecology of the western
provinces of Saudi Arabia. I-Vegetation and soil of the
Jeddah-Tuwal area. Feddes Repertorium 97: 705-712.
El-Shourbagy, M.N.; Baeshin, N.A. and
El-Sahhar, K.F. 1987. Studies on the ecology of the western
provinces of Saudi Arabia. II-Vegetation and soil
Wadi-Qudaid-Wadi Sitarah Ecosystem. Res. Sci. KAU, pp. 5-17.
El-Shourbagy, M.N. Al-Eidaros, O.H. &
Al-Zahrani, H.S. 1987. Distribution of Halopeplis perfoliata
(Forssk.) Bunge ex Schweinf. in the Red Sea coastal salt
marshes: Phytosociological relations and responses to soil. J.
of Coastal Research 1: 395-419.
El-Tawil, B.A. 1983. Chemical constituents
of indigenous plants used in native medicine of Saudi Arabia,
II. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 1(2): 395-419.
Emad El-Deen, H.M. 2005. Population
Ecology of Rhazya stricta Decne. in Western Saudi Arabia.
International J. of Agri. & Bio. Vol. 7 (6): 932–938.
Facey, W., Guise,
A. and Waters, J. (eds) (1993) The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
(9th edn). London and New Jersey: Stacey International.
FAO (1996). FAO Country Report, Saudi
Arabia prepared by National Agriculture and Water Research
Centre Riyadh, for the FAO International Technical Conference on
Plant Genetic Resources, Leipzig, Germany, 17-23 June 1996.
Farraj, M.M.;
Yemeni, M.N. and Ahmed H. Alfarhan 1997. Ecological studies on
raudhat system in Saudi Arabia. 1- Raudhat Khorim. Pak. Jour.
Bot. 29(1): 75-88.
Fayed, A., Zayed,
K., 1999. Vegetation along Makkah-Taif road (Saudi Arabia).
Arab. Gulf J. Sci. Res. 7, 97–117.
Fayed, A.; Zayed, K. & Soliman, S. 1987. A
contribution to the study of vegetation of Al-Figra Highland,
Medina (Saudi Arabia), Taeckholmia 10: 33-53.
Freas, K.E. and Kemp, P.R. 1983. Some
relationship between environmental reliability and seed dormancy
in desert annual plants, J. Ecol. 71: 211-217.
Frey, W., KÜrchner,
H., EI-Sheikh, A. M. & Migahid, A. M. 1984. Zonation and
photosynthetic pathways of halophytes on the Red Sea coast near
Tawwal (Saudi Arabia). Note Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 45-56.
Frey, W., KÜrschner,
H. and Stichler, W. 1985. Photosynthetic pathways and ecological
distribution of halophytes from littoral salt marshes
(Egypt/Sinai, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Iran). Flora. 177:
107-130.
Frey, W., KÜrchner,
H. 1986. Masqat area (Oman). Remnants of vegetation in an urban
habitat. In: KÜrchner,
H. (ed.). Contributions to the vegetation of southwest Asia. pp.
201-221 - Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag.
Frey, W. &
KÜrchner,
H. 1989. Die vegeation im Vorderen Orient. Erlauterungen zur
Karte A VI 1 Vorderer Orient. Vegetation des TÜbinger
Atlas des Vorderen Orients. Beihefte zum TÜbinger
Atlas des Vorderen Orients, Reihe A (Naturwissenschaften) Nr.
30. Dr Ludwing Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden.
Friis, I. and Thulin, M. 1984. The
spelling of Pehr Forsskals family name. Taxon 33: 668-672.
Gallacher, D.J.
2006. Effects of camel grazing on the ecology of small perennial
plants in the Dubai (UAE) inland desert. J. of Arid Envi.
66 (4) 738-750.
Gazer, M.H. 2011. Vegetation composition
and floristical diversity in date palm orchards of Central Saudi
Arabia. Acta Botanica Hungarica, 53 (1-2): 111-126.
Ghamdi, F.A. & Al-Zahrani, R.M.A. 2010. Seed morphology of some
species of Tephrosia Pers.
(Fabaceae) from Saudi Arabia Identification of species and
systematic significance Feddes Repertorium 121(1-2): 59-65
Gardner, A.S. &
Fisher, M. 1996. How the forest lost its trees: Just so
storytelling about juniper in Arabia. Jour.
Arid
Environ., 26: 199-201
Ghazanfar, S. A.
and Fisher, M. 1998. Vegetation of the Arabian Peninsula.
London: Kluwer.
Ghazanfar, S.A.
2006. Saline and alkaline vegetation of NE Africa and the
Arabian Peninsula: An overview Biosaline Agriculture and
Salinity Tolerance in Plants Edited by M. O¨ ztürk, Y.Waisel,
M.A. Khan and G. Go¨ rk Birkh¨auser Verlag/Switzerland.
Giacomini, V.; Longhitano, N. & Corti, L.
1979. Cartography of the Vegetation of the Eastern (Hasa)
Province of Saudi Arabia. Pubblicazioni dell'Instituto di
Botanica dell'Universiti di Catania, Universitaria Libraria
Catanese, Catania.
Gorai, M;
Gasmi, H &
Neffati, M. 2011. Factors influencing seed germination of medicinal
plant Salvia aegyptiaca L. (Lamiaceae). Saudi Biological
Society, 18(3): 255-260
Grainger, J. 1982. Flora of Hemas.
Progress Report Project 81-1 sect. 3. CID/FMES Project. King
Abdulaziz Univ., Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Grainger, J. 1987. A review of site
inventory work for terrestrial protected areas in Saudi Arabia.
Presented to first workshop on the design and implementation of
a protected area system plan for Saudi Arabia, 11th-13th April,
1987, NCWCD, Riyadh.
Hagra, H.H. 1978. Field
study on the ecology of Avicennia marina along the Red
Sea coast, Saudi Arabia, Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. 83-100 (in
Arabic)
Hajar,
A.S.; Faragalla, A.A. and Al-Ghamdi, K.M. 1991.
Impact of
biological stress on Junperus excelsa M. Bieb. In south
western Saudi Arabia; insect stress. Jour. Arid Environments,
21: 327-330.
Hajara, H.H. &
Batanouny, K.H. 1977. Desertization in Saudi Arabia , Proc.
Saudi. Bio. Soc., 2: 34-45.
Hajar, A.S.; Faragalla, A.A. &
Al-Ghamdi, K.M. 1991. Impact of biological stress on
Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. in south-western Saudi Arabia:
insect stress. J. of Arid Env. 21: 327-330.
Hajar, A.S.M. 1993. A comparative
ecological study on the vegetation of the protected grazed parts
of Hema Sabihah, in Al-Bahah region, south western Saudi Arabia.
Arab Gulf J. of Sci. Res. 11: 259-280.
Hajar, A.S. 1996. On the ecology of
Calotropis procera (Ait.)Ait. (Sodom apple). (1) Responses to
seawater salinity, J. Union Arab Biol., Cairo, 3(B): 87-99.
Hall, M. & Miller,
A. G. 2010. Documenting plants in a changing climate: a case
study from Arabia. In: HODKINSON, T. R., JONES, M. B., WALDREN,
S. & PARNELL, J. A. N. (eds) Climate Change, Ecology and
Systematics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hall,
M., Miller, A.G., Llewellyn, O., Abbasi,T.M., Al-Harbi, R.J, &
Al-Shammari, K.F. 2011. Important plant areas in the Arabian
Peninsula. 3. 'Uruq bani Ma'arid"
Edinburgh
Journal of Botany 68: 183-197.
Llewellyn, O.A., Hall, M.,
Miller, A.G., Al-Abbasi, T.M., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J &
Al-Shammari, K.F. 2011. Important plant areas in the
Arabian Peninsula. 4. Jabal Aja.
Edinburgh Journal
of Botany 68: 199-224.
Hammouda, M.A. and
Redwan, S.M. 1973. A study of heat resistances of some plants
from Riyadh area. Bull. Fac. Sci. Riyad Univ. 5: 31-37.
Ha-Reubent, E.
1932. Medicinal herbs of the Arabs. El, Palacio, Santa Fe.
33:153-154.
Harper, J.L., 1977. Population Biology of
Plants, pp. 892. Academic Press, London
Harper, J.L. and J. White, 1974. The demography of plants. Ann.
Rev. Ecol. Syst., 5: 419–63
Hashem, A.R. 1996. Mineral content
of soil and wild plants from Saudi Arabia, Qatar Univ. Sci. J.
16(2):291-295.
Hashem, A.R. & Al-Farhan, A.H. 1993.
Minerals content of wild plants from Ashafa, Toroba, Wahat and
Wehait (Saudi Arabia). J. King Saud Univ., Sci. 5(2): 101-106.
Hashem, A.R. & Al-Farraj, M.M. 1995.
Mineral analysis of soil, Euphorbia hirta L. and
Mycoflora from the industrial Yanbu city, Saudi Arabia. Qatar
Univ. Sci. J. 15(1): 83-89.
Hassan, H.M. &
Al-Hemaid, F.M. 1994. Road-Side trees and shrubs in Saudi
Arabia, Jizan-Abha Motorway (Aqabat Ashshaar). Biol. Sci. 3:
9-25.
Hassan, H.M. &
Al-Hemaid, F.M. 1995. Road-side trees shrubs in Saudi Arabia
along side Al-Qunfuda- Al-Batha, Motor way (Aqabat el-Baha). J.
King Saud Univ., (Sci) 7(2): 61-171
Hassan, H.M. &
Al-Hemaid, F.M.A. 1997. Road-side trees and shrubs in Saudi
Arabia, along the Abha-Taif Motorway. J. King Saud. Univ.
(Sci.).
Hassan_HM,
Al-Farraj_MM 1989 Distribution and seed description of the genus
Acacia (Mimosoideae - Leguminosae)in Saudi Arabia. Arab
Gulf J. Scientific Res. 7(2): 125-144 (1989) - illus.
Hedge, I.C. 1986. Plant life of southwest
Asia. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 89B.
Heemstra, H.
1982-1986. Establishment and activities of the range and animal
development research center at Al-Jouf, Ministry of Agri. &
Water, Al-Jouf.
Hegazy, A.K.; El-Demerdash, M.A. & Hosni,
H.A. 1998. Vegetation, species diversity and floristic relations
along an altitudinal gradient in south-west Saudi Arabia. J.
Arid Env.38: 3-13.
Hegazy, A.K.;
Hammouda, O.; Lovett-Doust, J. & Gomaa, N.J. 2009.
Variations of the
germinable soil seed bank along the altitudinal gradient in the
northwestern Red Sea region.
Acta Ecologica Sinica
29: 20–29
Heneidy, S.Z. 2000. Palatability,
chemical composition and nutritive value of some common range
plants from Bisha, Asir region, southwestern Saudi Arabia, J.
desert Inst. Bull. Egypt.
50 (2): 345-360
Heneidy, S.Z. & Bidak, L.M. 2001.
Biodiversity of the plant species in Bisha, Asir Region,
southwestern Saudi Arabia, Pak. J. Bio. Sci., 4(11): 1323-1330.
Hepper, F.N. and
Friis, I. 1994. The plants of Pehr Forsskal’s flora Aegyptiaco
Arabica. R. Bot. Gard. Kew.
Hepper, F.N. and
Wood, J. R. I. 1979. Were there forests in the Yemen? Proc.
Seminar Arabian Stud. 9: 65-71.
Hepper, F.N. 1977. Outline of the
vegetation of the Yemen Arab Republic, Publ. Cairo Univ. Herb. 7
& 8: 307-322.
Hajrah, H. & Batanouny, K.H. 1977.
Desertization in Saudi Arabia. Proc. First Conf. Biol. Soc.,
Saudi Arabia, pp 34-52.
Hill, M.O. 1979.
TWINSPAN – A FORTRAN program for Arranging Multivariate Data in
an Ordered Two Way Table by Classification of Individual and
Attributes. Section of Ecology and Systematics, Cornell
University, Ithaca, NY.
Holm, D.A. 1953. Dome-shaped dunes
of Central Nejd, Saudi Arabia. International Geolog. Congress,
19th, Algeiro. 1952. Comptes Rendus 7: 107-112.
Holm, D.A. 1960. Desert geomorphology in
the Arabian Peninsula. Science 135: 1329-1379.
Hotzl, H.; Felber, H.; Maurin, V. & Zotl,
J.G. 1978. Regions of Investigation: Cuesta region of the Tuwayq
mountains. pp. 194-226. in Quaternary Period in Saudi Arabia
Vol. 2. Sedimentological, Hydrological, Geomorphological,
Geochronological and climatological investigations in Central
and Eastern Saudi Arabia. Al-Sayari, S.S. & Zotl, J.G. (eds).
Springer Verlag, Wien.
Hotzl, H. & Zotl, J.G. 1984. Middle and
Early Pleistocene pp. 332-335. in Quaternary Period in Saudi
Arabia Vol. 2. Sedimentological, Hydrological, Geomorphological,
Geochronological and climatological investigations in Western
Saudi Arabia. A.R. Jado & J.G. Zotl eds. Springer Verlag, Wien.
Huber, C. 1891. Journal D'un voyage in
Arabie. In. P. Ward (1983) Hail, Oasis city of Saudi Arabia
Oleander Press, Cambridge, NY.
Ibrahim, A. M. and Aref, I.
M. 2000. Host status of thirteen Acacia species to
Meloidogyne javanica. The J. of Nematology (In press),
Annals of Applied Nematology, USA, 32(4S): 609-613.
Jackson, M.L., 1962. Soil Chemical
Analysis, p. 498. Constable and Co., London
Jones, D.A. 1986.
A Field
Guide to the Sea Shores of Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf.
Kuwait: University of Kuwait
Jungius, H. 1983. The role of indigenous
flora and fauna in rangeland management systems of the arid
zones in western Asia. J. Arid Env. 6(7): Proceedings of the
25th Anniversary Conference, April 6–8, 1995. ... Sarhad J.
Agri. 7(1): 119–129. 21.
Jungius, H. 1988. The national parks and
protected areas concept and its applications to the Arabian
Peninsula. Fauna of Saudi Arabia. Vol. 9: 3-11.
Kassas, M., 1966. Plant life in deserts.
In: Hills, E.S. (ed.), Arid Lands, pp. 145–80. UNESCO, London,
Mathuen/Paris
Kassas, M. 1957. On the ecology of the Red
sea coastal land. J. of Ecol., 45: 187-203.
Kassas, M. and Zahran, M.A. 1971. Plant life on the coastal
mountains of the Red Sea, Egypt.
Journal of the India Botanical Society
50a: 571-589.
Kassas, M. and Zahran, M.A. 1967. On the
ecology of the Red Sea littoral salt marsh, Egypt. Ecol.
Monogr., 37: 297-316.
Kenworthy, W.J.; Durako, M.J.; Fatemy,
S.M.R.; Valavi, H. & Thayer, G.W. 1993. Ecology of seagrasses in
northeastern Saudi Arabia one year
after the Gulf War oil spill Marine Pollution Bulletin, Volume
27, 1993, Pages 213-222
Elkhalifa, K.F and Aref M. I. 2003. Morphological Studies on
Fourteen Acacia Species Seedling Grown in Saudi Arabia. King
Saud University, Research Center College of Agriculture,
Research Bulletin, Saudi Arabia, No 122: 5-11.
Kikuchi, T. 1995. Current ecological
status of the Raydah special nature reserve, the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia. A report to the National Commission for Wildlife
Conservation and Development.
Kingery, C.E. 1971. Possibilities for
development and management of public rangelands, Report to the
government of Saudi Arabia, FAO, Rome.
Kingery, C.E. 1972. Proposals for
expanding and improving range, pasture and fodder development
and management programme. FAO, Rome.
Kurschner, H.
1984: Epiphytic communities of the Air mountains (S. w. Saudi
Arabia). Studies in Arabian bryophytes 2. Nova Hedwigia 39:
177-199.
Kurschner, H.
1986. The subalpine thorn-cushion formations of western
South-West Asia: ecology, structure and zonation. Hedge, I.C.
(ed.) Plant life of South-West Asia, Proc. Symb., The Royal Soc.
Edinburgh. 89B: 169-179
Kürschner H., Kilian N., Hein P. & Mukram
A. 2006: The Adenio obesi-Sterculietum africanae, a relic
Arabian mainland community vicarious to the Socotran
Adenium-Sterculia woodland. – Pp. 79-96 in: Kilian, N. &
Hubaishan, M. A. (ed.), Biodiversity of Socotra: forests,
woodlands and bryophytes. – Englera 28
Kürschner H., Kilian N. & Hein P. 2008:
The Tarchonantho camphoratae-Oleetum cuspidatae ass. nov. – an
Afromontane evergreen sclerophyllous community of the Arabian
Peninsula with strong relationships to E Africa. –
Phytocoenologia 38: 85-106
Kürschner, H. & Neef, R. 2011. A first
synthesis of the flora and vegetation of the Tayma oasis and
surroundings (Saudi Arabia) Plant Diversity and Evolution Volume
129 No. 1 (2011), p. 27 - 58
Kürschner, H., Al-Gifri, A. N., Al-Subai, M. Y. and Rowaished,
A. K. 1998. Vegetational patterns within coastal salines in
southern Yemen.
Feddes Repertorium,
109 (1/2):147-159.
Landers, J. 1981:
Asir Park: a new jewel in the Saudi Arabian Crown. International
Wildlife 11 (3): 5-13.
Leipzig, 1996.
Saudi Arabia: Country report to the FAO International technical
conference on plant genetic resources. National Agriculture and
Water Research Centre.
Llewellyn,
O.A.;
M. Hall,
A. G. Miller, T. M. Al Abbasi, Al H. A. Wetaid, R. J. Al Harbi,
K. F. Al Shammari,
Al A. Farhan
2010. Important plant areas in the Arabian Peninsula: 1. Jabal
Qaraqir. Edinburgh Journal of Botany, Vol. 67 (1): 37-56.
Macfadyen W. A. (1930). The Geology of the Farasan Islands,
Gizan and Kamaran Island, Red Sea.
Geological Magazine
67: 310-315.
Madi, M.I. 1993.
An
Ecological Study on Some Raudhas around Riyadh area, Saudi
Arabia. Ph.D.
Thesis. Fac. Sci., Tanta Univ., Tanta. pp 127.
Mahmoud, A 1984.
Germination of Cassia senna from Saudi Arabia. J. Arid
Env. 9: 39-49.
Mahmoud, A. 1984. Germination of caryopsis
of the halophyte Aeluropus massuensis from Saudi Arabia.
Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 2: 21-36.
Mahmoud, A 1985:
Germination of Hammada elegans from Saudi Arabia. Arab
Gulf J. Sci. Res. 3: 55-65.
Mahmoud, A. 1977. Germination of
three Acacias in relation to their survival in arid environment.
Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. : 74-94
Mahmoud, A. & El-Sheikh, A.M. 1978.
Germination of Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz, Egypt.
J. Bot. 21(1): 69-74
Mahmoud, A. & El-Sheikh, A.M. 1981.
Germination of Parkinsonia aculeata L. J. Coll. Sci,
Univ. Riyad, 12(1): 53-64.
Mahmoud, A.,
El-Sheikh, A.M., and Isawi, F. 1982. Ecology of Littoral salt
marsh vegetation at Rabigh on the Red Sea Coast of Saudi Arabia.
Journal of Arid Environment. 5: 35-42.
Mahmoud, A.; El-Sheikh, A.M and Abdul
Baset, S. 1984. Germination ecology of Rhazya stricta
Decne. J. coll. of Sci., King Saud University, 15(1): 5-25.
Mahmoud, A.; El-Sheikh, A.M and Abdul
Baset, S. 1983. Germination of Artemisia abyssinica Sch.
Bip., J. coll. Sci., King Saud University, 14(2): 253-272.
Mahmoud, A.; El-Sheikh, A.M and Abdul
Baset, S. 1983. Germination of Francoeuria crispa
(Compositate) from Saudi Arabia
Mahmoud, A.; El-Sheikh, A.M and Abdul
Baset, S. 1983. Germination of two halophytes : Halopeplis
perfoliata and Limonium axillare from Saudi Arabia,
J. Arid Env. 6: 87-98.
Mahmoud, A.; El-Sheikh, A.M and Abdul
Baset, S. 1984. Germination of four Acacias in relation to their
survival in arid environment. J. Col. Sci, King Saud Univ.
15(2): 401-420.
Mahmoud, A. and El-Tom, M. 1985.
Ecological relationships of some vegetation units in the
Jeddah-Makkah region. Saudi Arabia. Arab. Gulf J. Sci. Res.
3(2): 607-622.
Mahmoud, A.; El-Sheikh, A.M.; Youssef,
M.M. & Al-Tom, M. 1985. Ecology of the littoral salt marsh
vegetation at al-Magawah, on the Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi Arabia.
Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 3: 145-163.
Mandaville, J. P.
1965. Notes on the vegetation of Wadi As-Sahba, eastern Arabia.
J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 62: 330-332.
Mandaville, J. P.
1965: Natural vegetation of the Gatif experimental farm site.
Arabian affairs division, local government relations,
ARAMCO. Dhahran.
Mandaville, J. P.
1986. Plant life in the Rub' al-Khali (the Empty Quarter), south
central Arabia. In: I. C. Hedge (ed.). Plant Life of south west
Asia. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin. Sect. B. 89: 147-157.
MEPA (Anon.) 1986. Terrestrial protected
areas for Saudi Arabia. Proposal presented to first symb. on
wildlife conservation and development, Feb., 1987, NCWCD,
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Migahid, A.M. &
El-Sheikh, A.M. 1977. Types of desert habitat and their
vegetation in Central and Eastern Saudi Arabia. Prod. Saudi Bio.
Soc., 2: 5-33.
Migahid, M. A.
1983: A contribution to the study of vegetation in western and
northeastern Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. 6: 115150.
Ministry of
Agriculture and Water 1963: A report on desertification in the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Unpublished (in Arabic).
Ministry of Agriculture and Water 1984.
Water Atlas of Saudi Arabia. Min. of Agri. & Water, Riyadh,
K.S.A.
Ministry of
Agriculture and Water, 1994, Efforts of the MAW to Develop a
Natural Vegetative Cover (Arabic) Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia.
Ministry of
Agriculture and Water, 1997, Natural Forests in the Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia (Arabic), Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ministry of
Agriculture and Water. 1997. Proceedings of the First
International Conference of Economics and Conservation of
Renewable Natural Resources in Arid Zones, Riyadh, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia.
Ministry of
Agriculture and Water. 1985. General soil map of he Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia. Min. of Agri. and Water, Land Magmt. Dept.,
Riyadh.
Ministry of
Planning, Seventh Development Plan, 2000-2004, Riyadh Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia.
MOAAW 1996.
National Parks (Report). Department of National Parks, Ministry
of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. (In Arabic): 8.
Morley, N.J.F. 1975. The coastal waters of
the Red Sea. Bull. Res. Centre, Saudi Arabia. 5: 1-19.
Mosallam, H.A.; Bazaid, S.A.M. and Salman, S.A.H. 2010. Plant
life and habitat diversity in Saudi Arabia. Taif Universtiy,
Taif.
Mosallam, H.A.
2007. Comparative Study on the Vegetation of Protected and
Non-protected Areas, Sudera, Taif, Saudi Arabia. International
J. of Agri. & Biology 9(2): 202-214.
Musil, A. 1926. The Northern Hegaz,
American Geographical Society, New York.
Musil, A. 1927. Arabia Deserta. A
topographical Itinerary (Ameri. Geog. Soc.: Oriental
Explorations and studies Vol. 2, New York.
Musil, A. 1928. Northern Negd. American
Geographical Society, New York.
Musselman,
L. J. 1986. Parasitic weeds and their impact in Southwest Asia.
Hedge, I.C. (ed) Plant life of Southwest Asia. Proceedings of
the Royal Society of Edinburgh 89B: 283-288.
Natural History of
Saudi Arabia, an introduction 1992. Ministry of Agriculture and
Water, Riyadh.
Nebert, K. 1970. Geology of the Jabal
Samran and Jabal Farasan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Bull.
pp. 4.
Organgi, R.A., 1982. Ecological studies in
Makkah region. 1. Vegetation development at Wadi Fatima. J.
Coll. Sci. King Saud Univ., 1: 25–51
Pelly, L. 1865.
Report on a Journey to Riyadh in Central Arabia (with a new
introduction by R.L. Bidwell, Middle East Centre, Uni. of
Cambridge, Oleander/Falcon
Peucker, A. 1910. Musil's
exploration in northern Arabia. geogr. Journ. 35: 579-581.
Philby, H.St. J.B.
1922. The Heart of Arabia. London
Philby, H. St.
J.B. 1933. Flora of The Rub’al Khali. In the “The Empty Quarter”
pp.404-405. New York.
Philby, H. St.
J.B. 1938. The land of Sheba. Geographical Journal, 92: 1-21.
Philby, H. St.
J.B. 1952. Arabian Highlands. Washington.
Phillips, J.A. 1882. The red sands of the
Arabian desert. Geol. Soc. of London, Quarterly J. 38: 110-113.
Popov,
G. B.: Vegetation of Arabia south of the Tropic of
Cancer, excluding Yemen. FAO. Rome.
Popov, G. B. 1957:
The vegetation of Socotra. – J. Linn. Soc. London 55: 706-720.
Popov, G.B. and Ziller, W. 1963.
Ecological survey report on the 1962 survey in the Arabian
Peninsula, U.N. special fund, Desert Loxust Project Programme
report 139.
Powers, R., Ramirez, L., Redmond, C., and
Elberg, E., Jr. 1966. Geology of the Arabian Peninsula:
Sedimentary geology of Saudi Arabia , Geological Survey
professional Paper 560-D, Washington, DC: United States
Government Printing Office.
Price, A.R.G;
Jobbinsi, G.; Shepherd, A.R. & Ormond, R.F.G. 1998. An
integrated environmental assessment of the Red Sea coast of
Saudi Arabia. Environmental Conservation 25 (1): 65–76.
Radcliff-Smith, A.
1980: The vegetation of Dhofar. – J. Oman Stud. Spec. Rep. 2:
59-86.
Richmond, M.D. 1996.
‘Status of subtidal biotopes of the Jubail Marine Wildlife
Sanctuary with special reference to soft-substrata communities.’
In: Krupp, F., Abuzinada, A.H and Nader, I.A. (eds)
A Marine
Wildlife Sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf. Environmental Research
and Conservation Following the 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill.
Riyadh: NCWCD; Frankfurt, Senckenberg Research Institute.
Saghir, A.R.B. & Chaudhary, S.A.
1985. Weed control handbook for Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agri.
and Water, Riyadh.
SAS 1989-1996
INSTITUTE INC. SAS/STAT-MR. RELEASE 6.12. Procedures guide for
personal computers. Cary: SAS Institute, 1989-1996.
Saudi Biological Society 2000.
Papers presented in the meetings of Saudi Biological Society-
1975-2000. On the occasion of the 25th anniversary. King Saud
University, Riyadh.
Schultz, E and
Whitney, J.W. 1986. Vegetation in north-central Saudi Arabia, J.
Arid Environments, 10: 175-186.
Schyfsma, E. 1978. Climate pp. 31-44 in
Quaternary Period in Saudi Arabia Vol. 2. Sedimentological,
Hydrological, Geomorphological, Geochronological and
climatological investigations in Central and Eastern Saudi
Arabia. Al-Sayari, S.S. & Zotl, J.G. (eds). Springer Verlag,
Wien.
Schyfsma, E., 1978. “ Climate of Saudi
Arabia.” In: Al-Sayari, S. and Zotl, J. (eds.). Quaternary
Period in Saudi Arabia, pp. 31-44, Springer-Verlag, New York.
Scott, D.A.
(ed.) 1995. A Directory
of Wetlands in the Middle East.
Switzerland: IUCN and Slimbridge, UK: IWRB. xvii + 560 p
Shaltout, K.H. &
El-Halawany, E.F. 1992. Weed communities in Date Palm of Eastern
Saudi Arabia, Qatar Univ., Sci. J. 12: 105-111.
Shaltout, K.H. &
Maday, M.A. 1996. Analysis of Raudhas vegetation in Central
Saudi Arabia, J. Arid Env. 34: 441-454.
Shaltout,
K.H. & Halawany, E.f. 1993. Vegetatation analysis of the
irrigation and drainage canals in Eastern Saudi Arabia. J. Univ.
Kuwait (Sci.) 20: 261-274.
Shaltout, K.H. and M.A. Mady, 1993.
Current situation of the raudha's woody plant populations in the
central Saudi Arabia. Feddes Repert., 104: 503–09
Shaltout, K.H.,
El-Halwany, E.F. & El-Garawany, M.M. 1997. Coastal lowland
vegetation of eastern Saudi Arabia. Biodi and Cons
6:1027-1040.
Shaltout, K.H.,
El-Halwany, E.F. and el-Kady, H.F. 1996. Consequences of
protection from grazing on diversity and abundance of the
coastal lowland vegetation in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Biodvers.
Conserv. 5: 27-36.
Shaltout, K.H.; Sharaf El-Din, A.;
El-Kady, H.F. & Mady, M.F. 1996. Behaviour of nine common plants
along soil gradients in Raudhas of Central Saudi Arabia, J.
Union Arab Biol. Cairo, 3(B): 189-202.
Sharaf El-Din, A.; El-Kady, H.F.;
Shaltout, K.H. & Mady, M.I. 1998. Nutritive value of the
Raudha's plants in Central Saudi Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res.
16(3): 537-553.
Sher, H. & Al-Yemeny, M.N. 2011.
Ecological investigation of the weed flora in arable and non
arable lands of Al-kharj Area, Saudi Arabia, African Journal of
Agricultural Research 6(4): 901-906.
Shurbagy, M. A. &
Mahros, K. S. 1977. General programme for natural rangelands
conservation and development in Saudi Arabia. Ministry of
Agriculture and Water. Riyadh (in Arabic).
Siddiqui, A.Q. &
Al-Harbi, A.H. 1995. A preliminary study of the ecology of Wadi
Hanifah stream with reference to animal communities, Arab Gulf.
Jour. Sci. Res. 13(3): 695-717.
Stevens, J.H. 1974. Man and environment in
eastern Saudi Arabia. In R.B. Sergeant and R.L. Bidwell, eds.
Arabian Studies. the Middle East Centre, University of
Cambridge, p. 135-145.
Symens, P. 1989. Report on a
helicopter survey of the escarpment of southwest of Abha. pp.
48-49. Quarterly report, National Wildlife Research center,
Taif, Saudi Arabia.
Taia, W.K. and
El-Ghanem, W.M. 2001. City vegetation analysis of three habitats
at El-Riyadh. Bull. Pure and Applied. Science. 20B (1): 53-65.
Taton, A. 1976.
Distribution of geographique en Afrique de l'espece
paleotropicale Myrsine africana L. (Myrsinaceae). Bull. Jard.
Bot. Nat. Belg. 46: 487-500.
Ter Braak, C. J.
F., and Milauer, P.S. 2002. Canoco reference manual and CanoDraw
for Windows user’s guide: software for canonical community
ordination (version 4.5). Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, New York,
USA.
Thesiger, W. 1946. A new journey in
Southern Arabia. The geographical Journal. 108:129-145.
Thesiger, W. 1948. A journey through the
Tihama, the 'Asir, and the Hijaz Mountains, Geographical Journal
90(1947): 188-200.
Thesiger, W. 1959:
Arabian Sands. – Longmans, New York
Thomas, B. 1932. Arabia Felix, Cape,
London.
Ungar, I.A., (1962). Influence of salinity
on seed germination in succulent halophytes. Ecology 43:
763-764.
Ungar, I.A., (1976). Influence of salinity
and temperature on seed germination in succulent halophytes,
Ohio J. of Sci, 67: 120-123.
Usui, S. 1995. The current status
and 3-year plan of the Raydah special nature reserve, the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Report to the NCWCD, Riyadh, Saudi
Arabia.
Vesey-Fitzgerald,
D. F. 1957. The vegetation of the Red Sea coast, north of
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Jour. Ecol., 45: 547-562
Vesey-Fitzgerald,
D.F. 1955. The vegetation of the Red Sea coast, south of Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia. Jour. Ecol., 43(2): 477-489.
Vesey-Fitzgerald,
D.F. 1957. The vegetation of Central and Eastern Saudi Arabia,
Jour. Eco. 45: 779-798.
Waleed. J. Altaf, W.J. 2006. Response of
Calotropis Procera for Urban, Suburban and Sewage
Pollution. Umm Al-Qura Univ. J. Sci. Med. Eng. Vol. 18(1): 31
-40
Wasson, R.J.
& Nanninga, P.M. 1986. Estimating wind transport of sand on
vegetated surfaces. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms
11: 505–514.
Watt, I., Woodhouse, T., Jones, D.A. (1993). Intertidal cleanup
activities and natural regeneration on the Gulf coast of Saudi
Arabia after the Gulf oil spill from 1991 to 1992.
Marine Pollution Bulletin
27: 325-331.
Whitney, J.W.C.
1981. Saudi Arabia’s stable sand seas, Geological Society of
America, Abstracts with Programme, 17: 580.
Wilson, R.T.O. 1985. The Tihama
from the beginning of the Islamic period to 1800. pp 31-36. in
Studies on the Tihama. The Report of the Tihama Expedition 1982
and Related papers, F. Stone (ed.) Longman, Harlow.
Wissmann, H. von 1972. Die
Juniperus-Gebirgswalder in Araben. Ihre Stellung zwischen dem
borealen und tropisch-afrikanischen Florenreich.
Erdwissenschaftliche Forschuug 4: 157-176.
Yemeni, M.N.;
Alfarhan, A.H. & Al-Farraj, M.M. 2000. Ecological studies on
Raudhat system in Saudi Arabia, II, Soil seed bank of Rawadhat
Khorim. Oak.Jour. Bot. 32(2): 273-282.
Yoshikawa, K. & Yamamoto, F. 1995.
The tentative report of our second visit to Asir and Jizan
Regions of Saudi Arabia for the study. Report to NCWCD, Riyadh.
Younis, H. E.
Abuzinada, A. H. & Elwan S. H. 1977: Studies on the Thermophilic
Bacteria of some soils in Riyadh region. Saudi Arabia.
Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. 1: 25.
Younes, H.A.; Zahran, M.A. & El-Qurashy,
E.M. 1983. Vegetation soil relationship of a sea-landward
transect, Red Sea coast, Saudi Arabia. J. of Arid Env., 6:
349-356.
Yousef, M.M. &
El-Sheikh, A.M. 1981. The vegetation alongside a running water
canal at Al-Kharj, J. Coll. Sci., University of Riyadh, 12(1):
23-51.
Yousef, M.M. &
El-Sheikh, A.M. 1981. Observations on the vegetation of gravel
desert areas with special reference to succession in Central
Saudi Arabia. Jour. Coll. Sci. 12(2): 331-351.
Zahran, M.A.; Younes, H.A. &
Al-Tawil, B.A. 1985. Ecology of four community types: Red Sea
Coastal Desert, Saudi Arabia. J. of Coastal Research 9(3):
279-288.
Zahran, M.A. 1979. The halophytes
and their economic potentialities. Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. 3:
133-137.
Zahran, M. A.
1986: Forage potentialities of Kochia indica and K.
scoparia in arid lands. With particular reference to Saudi
Arabia. KAU, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 61pp.
Zahran, M. A.
1982: Vegetation types of Saudi Arabia. Publ. King
Abdulaziz Univ. Jeddah. Saudi Arabia. 61p.
Zahran, M.A. 1983.
Introduction of Plant ecology and vegetation types of Saudi
Arabia, Jeddah: Scientific Council, King Abdulaziz university,
142p.
Zahran, M.A. 1993. Juncus and Kochia: fiber and fodder producing
halophytes under salinity and aridity stresses. In: Handbook of
Plant and Crop Stress. Pessarakli, M. (Ed.). Marcel Dakker,
Inc., NY, pp.505–530.
Zahran, M.A. 1993. Dry coastal
ecosystems of the Asian Red Sea coast. Pp. 215-231 in Wet
Coastal Ecosystems. Africa, America, Asia, Oceania. E. van der
Maarel, ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Zahran, M.A. and
Younus, H.A. 1990. Hema System: Traditional Conservation of
Plant life in Saudi Arabia. J. King Abdulaziz Univ. 2: 19-41.
Zahran, M.A.; Younes, H.A. & Hajrah, H.H.
1983. On the ecology of the mangal vegetation of the Saudi
Arabian Red Sea coast. J. of the Univ. of Kuwait. (Science) 10:
87-99.
Zahran, M.A.; Younes, H.A. & Al-Tawil,
B.A. 1985. Ecology of four community types: Red Sea coastal
desert, Saudi Arabia. J. of coastal research, 1: 279-288.
Zayed, K.M. and Fayed, A.A. 1987.
Vegetation of area between Taif and Baha, SW Saudi Arabia,
Taeckholmia 10: 77-105.
Zayed, K.M and El-Karemy, Z.A.R. 1989.
Vegetation between Taif and El-Shafa highland, (Asir mountains,
Saudi Arabia) Feddes Repertorium 100(11-12): 661-672.
Zayed, A.A. and Z.A.R. El Karemy, 2000.
Studies on the vegetation and soil seed bank in western Saudi
Arabia. Taeckholmia, 20: 63–76
Ziegler, H.; Batanouny, K.H.; Sankhla, N.;
Vyas, O.P. and Stichler, W. 1981.
The photosynthetic pathway types of some desert
plants from India, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Iraq.
Oecologia, 48 (1)
Zoghet, M. F. and
Akabawi, K. A. 1986. Live Zone of Saudi Arabia (In Arabic).
Saudi Society of Biology, Vol.9, 48 pp.
Zoghet, M.F. 1985.
Planting guide for Riyadh area, King Saud University, Riyadh.
Zohary, M. 1940.
On the Ghada-Tree of northern Arabia and the Syrian Desert,
Palest. J. Bot., Jarusalem series. 1: 413-416.
Conservation
TOP
Ady, J.; Bawayan, H.; Dagestani, F.;
Al-Janadi, A.; Al-hehani, S.; Al-Qawasmi, Z.; rashwan, A.;
Al-Shahrani, W. Syed, M.M. & Joma, H. 1994. Jibal Qaraqir and
Jibal Ad Dubbagh conservation and the development of eco-tourism
in the land of Madyan.. Nature Reserves and recreation area,
Report and Master plan with guidelines. Dept. of landscape
architecture, school of environmental design, Faculty of
Engineering, King Abdulaziz Univ., Jeddah for NCWCD, Saudi
Arabia.
Aleem, A.A. 1990.
Impact of human activity on marine habitats along the Red Sea
coast of Saudi Arabia. Hydrobiologia 208(1-2): 7-15
Al-Farhan,
A.; Al-Johani, A.; Al-sadoon, Q. & Sulayem, M. 1994. Possibility
of releasing Gazelles in Mjami alHadb. unpublished report in
Arabic. NCWCD, Riaydh, Saudi Arabia
Al-Walaie, A.N. 1989. Factors contributing
to the degradation of the environment in central, eastern and
northern Saudi Arabia. pp. 37-61 in Wildlife Conservation and
devpt.in Saudi Arabia. Proc. of the first symp. NCWCD, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia
Basahi, M.A.; Thomas, J.; Al-Turki, T.A.; Alfarhan, A.H.;
Al-Atar, A.A. & Sivadasan, M. 2010. Current status and
conservation efforts of Centaurothamnus maximus Wagenitz
& Ditrich (Asteraceae), an endemic, endangered species from
Saudi Arabia. Plant Archives 10(2): 807-814
Böer, B. 1994.
Status and recovery of the intertidal vegetation after the 1991
Gulf war oil spill, Courier Forsch.-Inst. Senckenberg, 166:
22-26.
Böer, B. 1994.
Status, environmental factors and recovery of the intertidal and
terrestrial vegetation between Ras az-Zaur and Abu Ali Island
after the Gulf War Oil Spill. In: Establishment of a Marine
Habitat and Wildlife Sanctuary for the Gulf Region. Final report
for phase II: 229-253. Jubail & Frankfurt, CEC/NCWCD.
Böer, B. 1996.
Trial planting of mangroves (Avicennia marina) and
salt-marsh plants (Salicornia europaea) in oil impacted
soil in the Jubail area, Saudi Arabia. pp. 186-192. In: F.
Krupp, A.H. Abuzinada and I.A. Nader (eds.). A marine wildlife
sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf. Environmental research and
conservation following the 1991 gulf war oil spill. NCWCD,
Riyadh and Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt.
Child, G. 1989.
Socio-economic influences on renewable resource conservation,
development and use in Saudi Arabia. (Unpublished report).
Riyadh: NCWCD.
Child, G. and
Grainger, J. 1990. A System Plan for Protected Areas for
Wildlife Conservation and Sustainable Rural Development in Saudi
Arabia. Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: NCWCD. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN
Draz, O. 1969. The
“Hema” system of range reserves in the Arabian Peninsula, its
possibilities in range improvement and conservation projects in
the East. FAO/PL: PFC/13.
Draz, O. 1979. Revival of Hema system of
range reserves as a basis for the Syrian Range Development
Programme, Proc. of the Ist Int. Range Congress, Denver,
Colarado, 100-103.
Eighmy, J.L. and Ghane, Y.S. 1982.
The Hema system: prospects for traditional subsistence systems
in the Arabian Peninsula, Culture and Agriculture, 16: 10-15.
El-Juhany, L.I. 2009. Forest degradation and potential
rehabilitation in Southwestern Saudi Arabia
Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences
3 (3): 2677-2696
Farraj, M.M. 1989.
Disturbances and dangers operating on desert vegetation in Saudi
Arabia in Abuzinada, A.; Goriup, P.D. & Nader, I.A.
(eds)- Wildlife conservation and development in Saudi Arabia,
Proc. First Symp., NCWCD, Publi. NO. 3: 164-168.
Fisher, M. 1997.
Decline in the Juniper woodlands of Raydah Reserve in
southwestern Saudi Arabia: a response to climate change? Global
Ecology and Biogeography letters 6: 379-386.
Friedman, R. 1989. Grazing cattle can
change the local climate. New Scientist. Sept. 1989.
Ghanem, Y. and Eighmy, J. 1984. Hima and
traditional land use management among arid zone villages in
Saudi Arabia. J. Arid. Env. 7: 287-297.
Gladstone, W. 2000. Ecological and social basis for management
of a Red Sea marine protected area.
Ocean and Coastal Management
43:1015–1032.
Grainger, J. and Ganadelly, A. 1984.
Hemas: an investigation into a traditional conservation ethic in
Saudi Arabia. J. Saudi Arabian nat. Hist. Soc. 2(6): 28-32.
Matthew Hall, M.; Anthony G. Miller, A.G.
2011. Strategic requirements for plant conservation in the
Arabian Peninsula Zoology in the Middle East, Supplementum 3:
169-182
Hall, M., Neale,
S., Al-Abbasi, T.M. & Miller, A.G. 2010. Arabia’s Tallest Trees:
Ecology, Distribution and Conservation Status of the Regionally
Endangered Tree Species Mimusops laurifolia (Forssk.)
Friis. Nordic Journal of Botany 28: 240-245
Hall, M.; Scholte,
P., Al- Khulaidi, A.W.; Miller A.G.; Al-Qadasi, A.H.; Al-Farhan,
A. H. & Al-Abbasi, A.M. 2009. Arabia’s last forests under
threat i i : remaining fragments of unique valley forest in
southwest arabia, Edinburgh Journal of Botany 66 (2): 263–281.
Hall, M.; Llewellyn, O.A.; Miller. A.G.; AL-Abbasi , T.M.;
AL-Wetaid, A.H.; AL-Harbi, R.J. & AL-Shammari, K.F. (2010).
Important plant areas in the Arabian Peninsula: 2 Farasan
Archipelago. Edinburgh J. of Botany 7
(2): 189–208.
Hall, M.,
Al-Khulaidi, A.W., Miller, A.G., Scholte, P. & Al-Qadasi, A.H.
2008. Arabia’s Last Forests Under Threat: Plant Biodiversity and
Conservation in the Valley Forest of Jabal Bura (Yemen).
Edinburgh Journal of Botany 65: 113-135.
Heady, H. F. 1963:
Grazing resources and problems. A report to the government of
Saudi Arabia. No. 1614. FAO. Rome.
Hiernaux, P.;
Bielders, C.L.; Valentins, C.; Baiono, A. Fernadez-rivera, S..,
1999 Effects of livestock grazing on physical and chemical
properties of sandy soils in Sahelian rangelands, Journal of
Arid Environments, 41: 231-245.
Kamel, H.B.; Al-Serhani, A. & Zeidan, D.
1989. Jibal Fiqrah Conservation study: Report and Master plan
for a wildlife Reserve and country park with guidelines for
development. Dept. of Landscape Architecture, School of
Environmental Design, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz
University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Llewellyn, O.A. 1987. The Proposed Hima
Jibal Al-Humrah, NCWCD, MEPA and Hajj Res. Center, Saudi Arabia
(unpublished)
Mandura, A. S. &
Khafaji, A. K. 1993. Human impact on the mangrove of Khor
Farasan Island, southern Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. In:
Leith, H. & Al-Massom, A. (eds) Towards the Rational Use of
High Salinity Tolerant Plants, Vol. 1, pp. 353–362. Dordrecht:
Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Mcclure, H.A. 1978. Ar Rub' al Khali. pp.
252-262. in Quaternary Period in Saudi Arabia 1.
Sedimentological, Hydrological, Geomorphological,
Geochronological and climatological investigations in Central
and Eastern Saudi Arabia. Al-Sayari, S.S. & Zotl, J.G. (eds).
Springer Verlag, Wien.
MEPA. 1987. The Red Sea: An Assessment of
management requirements for the Saudi Arabian Red Sea coastal
zone. MEPA coastal and marine management series Report #2.
pp.91.
MEPA. 1987. The Arabian Gulf Saudi Arabia.
An assessment of biotopes and management requirements for the
Saudi Arabian Gulf coastal zone. MEPA Coastal and Marine
management series, Report #3.
MEPA
and IUCN 1987.
Red Sea and Arabian
Gulf – Saudi Arabia: An assessment of national coastal zone
management requirements.
MEPA Coastal and Marine
Management Series Report
7,
pp 1–41.
MEPA & IUCN. 1989. Coastal and marine
resources. In: Red Sea & Arabian gulf. Saudi Arabia: An
assessment of National Coastal Zone Management Requirements.
MEPA Coastal and Marine Management series. Report No. 7, 1989.
MEPA, Saudi Arabia & IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Ministry of
Agriculture and Water. 1989. Conservation of natural resources
in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In: Wildlife conservation and
development in Saudi Arabia. Proc. of the first symb., Riyadh
Feb. 1987. NCWCD, Publi. #3: 10-17.
Mirreh, M. M. &
Al-Darin M. S. 1986. The effect of three years protection on
vegetation of Wadi Tamarial. Working Paper no. Tw-2. Range and
Animal Development Research Centre Al-Jauf, Saudi Arabia 6 pp.
(Mimeo).
Mirreh, M. 1989. Range damage and
recovery. In. Prod. of the first NCWCD/IUCN workshop: Ecological
imperatives for the conservation and sustainable use of the
flora and fauna of Saudi Arabia. June 20-21, NCWCD, Riyadh.
Mirreh, M.M. 1995. Range damage and
recovery in the Widyan of northern Saudi Arabia. pp. 155-162. in
Range Management in Arid Zones. S.A.S. Omar, M.A. Razzaque & F.
Alsdirawi eds. Kegan Paul International, London.
Mirreh, M.M. 1996.
Studies on range management in northern Saudi Arabia. Range &
Animal Development Research Center, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia.
National
biodiversity strategy for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 2001.
NCWCD, Riyadh.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD).
1987. First Action Plan, Report, NCWCD, Riyadh.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD),
1996. Rub Al-Khali Desert – Home of ‘Uruq Bani Ma’rid Protected
Area (Arabic), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD),
1996. Species Status and Conservation Strategy, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD),
Edited by C. Tsagarakis, P. Seddon & Y. van Heezil, 1999.
Wildlife Conservation in Saudi Arabia. The First Years
1986/98, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD)
Edited by Othman Llewellyn, 2000. Draft of Revised Protected
Area System Plan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD),
Program of the Second International Conference of Economics and
Conservation of Renewable Natural Resources in Arid Zones,
2000. Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
National
Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development (NCWCD),
Hunter’s Guide (Arabic), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Peacock, J. M.; Ferguson, M. E.;
Alhadrami, G. A.;McCann, I. R.; Al Hajoj, A.; Saleh, A. &
Karnik, R. 2003. Conservation through utilization: a case study
of the indigenous forage grasses of the Arabian Peninsula J.
Arid Environments, 54 (1): 15-28
Presidency of
Meteorology and Environment 2005. First National Communication.
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, submitted to United Nations framework
of Convention of Climate Change (UNFCCC).
Robertson, E.F. 1993. Camel
Densities in the special Ibex Reserve at Hawtah Bani Tamim.
Unpublished Report. King Khalid Wildlife Res. Center, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia.
Sankary, M. N.
1978: Management a development of rangelands in Saudi Arabia.
Alepo Univ. Press. Syria (in Arabic).
Sankary, M. N.
1978: Range management and development of Saudi Arabia
rangelands. ASCAD. Damascus 138pp (in Arabic).
Species status and
Conservation strategy, part one-Endangered, Vulnerable and Rare
plant taxa in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (1998). NCWCD, Riyadh.
Seddon, P.J. 1996. Mahazat as-Sayd
Protected area Master Management Plan. Unpublished Report.
NCWCD, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Seddon, P.J. & Khan, A.B. 1996.
At-Tubaiq Protected area Master Management Plan. NCWCD, Riyadh,
Saudi Arabia.
Seddon, P.J. &
Khoja, A.R. 2003. Youth Attitudes to Wildlife, Protected Areas
and Outdoor Recreation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 2(1):
67-75.
Shorbagi, A. 1996. List of MAW
Fenced Range Areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Unpublished
Report. Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Yoshikawa, K. & Yamamoto, F. 1994.
Ecological studies on the 'die back' phenomenon of Juniper
forests in the mountainous areas of Asir, Saudi Arabia. Report
to the NCWCD, Riyadh.
Zahran, M. A. &
Younes, H. A. 1990: Hema system traditional conservation of
plant life in Saudi Arabia. Bull. Fac. Sci. King
Abdulaziz Univ. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 2: 19-41.
Zahran, M.A. 1975. Biogeography of
mangrove vegetation along the Red Sea coast. pp. 45-51 in Proc.
of the international symp. on the Biology and Management of
Mangroves, Gainsville.
Plant
Taxonomy/Flora
TOP
Abedin, S. 1986. Contribution to
the flora of Saudi Arabia III. A new species of Caylusea
(Resedaceae). Willdenowia 15: 433-436.
Abedin, S. 2005.
The validation of Hibiscus micranthus L.f. var. Alii S.
Abedin and Euphoria abdulghafooriana S. Abedin, Pak. J.
Bot., 37(1): 31-32.
Abedin, S.A.,
Al-Yahya, M.A., Chaudhary, S.A., Mossa, J.S. 1991. Contributions
to the flora of Saudi Arabia. Part 2. A revision of the family
Solanaceae. Pak. J. Bot. 23 (2) 257-282.
Abedin, S.A.,
Mossa, J.S., Al-Yahya, M.A. 1985. Contributions to the flora of
Saudi Arabia. Part. 1. Some new records J. Pharm. Univ. Karachi.
4 (1): 1-7.
Abulfatih, H.A. & Nasher, A.K. 1988. Rare
and endangered succulent plants in southwestern Saudi Arabia.
Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. Agri. Bio. Sci., B6: 399-408.
Abuzinada, A.H.; Hawksworth, D.L. &
Bokhary, H.A. 1986. The lichens of Saudi Arabia with a key to
the species reported. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 2: 1-51
Airy Shaw, H.K. 1973. J.C. Willis’s A
dictionary of the flowering plants and ferns (eighth
edition). Cambridge University Press.
Ajmal Ali, M. &
Al-Hemaid, F.M.A. 2011. Taxonomic significance
of trichomes micromorphology in Cucurbits. Saudi J. of
Bio. Sci. 18, 87–92
Akram Ali,
Alfarhan, A.H.; Ernest Robinson, and Ibrahim Aldjain 2008.
Pattern of survival and mortality of Avicennia marina population
grown at Aljubail area in Saudi Arabia coast of the Arabian
Gulf. American J. Agricultural and Biological Sciences (USA),
3(3): 610-616.
Albers, F. & Meve, U.
(eds) 2002. Illustrated handbook of succulent plants:
Asclepiadaceae Vol. 3. Sprenger.
Al-Abbasi, T.M.,
Hall, M., Miller, A.G., Rae, D., Al-Wetaid, A.H., Al-Harbi, R.J
Al-Shammari, K.H, Llewellyn, O & Morris, L. 2009. The
Wadi Jawrah Mimusops Garden: A New Botanic Garden in
Saudi Arabia. Sibbaldia 7: 181-196.
Al-Abbasi, T.M.;
Alfarhan, A.H.; Al-Khulaidi, W.; Hall, M.; Lewellyn, O.A.;
Miller, A.G. and Patzelt, A. 2010. Important plant areas in the
Arabian Peninsula. Edinburgh J. of Botany, 67(1): 25-35.
Alallah, M.I.H.
1996. Flora of Jabal Fayfa. Dept. of Botany & Microbiology,
King Saud University, Riyadh, M.Sc. thesis, Saudi Arabia..
Al-Azizi, M.M.,
Al-Said, M.S., El-Olemy, M.M., Abdel Sattar E, Khalifa, A.S.
1994.
Rhombifoline
and 5,6-dehydrolupanine from Anagyrus foetida L.
Arch Pharm Res.
17(6):393-397.
Al-Dinawari, A. H.
I. D. 1953: Kitab al-Nabat, ed. Lewin, B. Uppsala (Republished,
original publication 895 AD)
Aleem, A.A. 1979.
A contribution to the study of sea-grasses along the Red Sea
coast of Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc, 3: 213-236.
Aleisa,A.A. 1996.
Changes in Bedouin life and grazing activities – Saudi Arabia.
Abstract of paper presented in Arabic at the International
Workshop on Sustainable Use of Rangeland and Desertification
Control. Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Al-Eisawi, D. M.
H. 1998. Field guide to wild flowers of Jordan and neighbouring
countries. Amman. Pp. 1- 296
Al Gain, A.A. 1974. The in-situ
development of the Bedouin nomads: a Baysian decision analysis.
Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of Arizona.
Al Gain, A.A.; Clark, J. and Chiffings, A.
1987. A coastal management program of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea
coast. Proc. of the fifth symbosium coastal and ocean
management, Am. Soc. Civil Eng. 1963-1981.
Al-Hakamay, A. 1989. Development plans and
their role in environment protection and wildlife development.
In. Wildlife conservation and development in Saudi Arabia. Proc.
of the first symposium, Riyadh Feb., 1987. NCWCD, Publication
#3.
Al Hassan, H.O.
1992. Deterioration of range condition in Saudi Arabia and ways
of improvement. Range & Animal Development Research Center,
Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia. (in Arabic).
Alfarhan, A. 2001.
A floristic account on Raudhat Khuraim, Central Province Saudi
Arabia. Saudi Journal Biological Science 8(1): 80-103.
Alfarhan, A. H.
1994. Taxonomic revision of the genus Cuscuta L. in Saudi
Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 12(1): 99-107.
Alfarhan, A. H.
2002. Revision of the genus Lepidium L. in Saudi Arabia.
– Journal of King Saud Univ (Science) 15(2): 103-115.
Alfarhan, A.H
1994. Family Convolvulaceae in Saudi Arabia. Bio. Sci. 3:
141-232.
Alfarhan, A.H.
1991. Two new Convolvulus taxa from the Arabian
Peninsula. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 106: 259-263.
Alfarhan, A.H.1993. A new species of
Convolvulus (Convolvulaceae) from Saudi Arabia Brittonia,
45(2):169-171
Alfarhan,
A.H.; Ghazanfar SA (1991). Conservation of medicinal plants on
the Arabian Peninsula. Two case studies: Med. Plant
Conservation, 3: 15-16 IUCN.
Alfarhan, A.H.
1993. Taxonomic studies on the genus Nuxia Comm. Ex Lam.
in Saudi Arabia. J. King Saud Univ. (Sci.) 5 (2): 119-121.
Alfarhan, A.H.
2000. An account of the genus Croton L. in Saudi Arabia
with a new record of C. bonplandianus Baill. Saudi
Journal of Biological Sciences. 7 (1): 39-45.
Alfarhan, A.H.
2000. An evaluation of the current status of the flora of Saudi
Arabia. Country report presented at the 2nd Arabian Plants
Subject Group Meeting, Abudhabi, May 2000.
Alfarhan, A.H.
2002. Dispersal mechanisms of flowering plants in the Central
Region of Saudi Arabia, Jour. King Abdulaziz Univ., Mete., Env.
& Arid Land Agri. Sci. 13:.17-39
Alfarhan, A.H.
and Thomas, J. 1994. The identification of vascular
plant-families in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Bio. Soc. 225p.
Alfarhan, A.H.,
Thomas, J. & Alallah, M.I.H. 1997. Noteworthy records to the
flora of Saudi Arabia. Kuwait Journal Science & Engineering 24
(1): 123-130.
Alfarhan, A.H.;
Aldjain, I.M.N. ; Thomas, J.; Miller, A.G.; Othman L. & Akram.
A. 2009. Botanic Garden in the Arabian Peninsula, Sibbaldia,
The Journal of Botanic Garden Horticulture, No. 6: 189-203
Alfarhan, A.H.;
Chaudhary, S. and Thomas, J. 1998. Notes on the Flora of Saudi
Arabia, J. Coll. Sci., King Saud University. 10(1): 31-40.
Alfarhan, A.H.;
Farraj, M.M. and Hajar, A.S. 1992. Wild Edible plants in Saudi
Arabia. Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 10(1): 91-108.
Alfarhan, A.H. & Al-Abbasi, T.
2005.Important Plant Areas of Arab
Countries, A draft proposal for identifying and conserving
botanically rich areas in the region. Arabian Plant Specialist
Group (APSG), NCWCD, Riyadh.
Alfarhan, A.H.;
Turki, T.A.; Thomas, J. and Basahy, R.A. 2002. Annotated list to
the flora of Farasan Archipelago, Southern Red Sea. Taeckholmia,
22(2): 1-33.
Al-Farraj, M. M.
1989. Disturbances and dangers operating on desert vegetation in
Saudi Arabia. Wildlife Conservation and Development in Saudi
Arabia. NCWCD Publication no. 3164-169.
Al-Farraj, M.M.:
Alfarhan, A.H. & Al-Yemeni, M. 1997. Ecological studies on
rawdhat system in Saudi Arabia 1-Rawdhat Khorim. Pak. Jour. Bot.
29(1): 75-88.
Alhammadi, A.S.A.
2010. Preliminary survey of exotic invasive plants in some
western high plateau mountains in Yemen. Ass. Univ. Bull.
Environ. Res. 13(1): 1-11.
Al-Hemaid, F. and
Thomas, J. 1996. Review of the genus Tribulus L. in Saudi
Arabia, Arab Gulf Jour. Sci. Res. 14(2): 415-443.
Al-Hemaid, F. M. A. 2001. A new species oh
Huernia R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) from Saudi Arabia. Saudi.
J. Biol. Sci. (8) 2: 166-169.
Al-Hemaid, F.M. 2001. Notes on
Verbascum from Saudi Arabia with description of eight new
species. Pak. J. Bot. 33(4): 315-328.
Al-Hemaid, F.M.
2001. Ruellia jeddaica (Acanthaceae) – a new species from
Saudi Arabia. Bangladesh. J. Plant. Taxon. 8 (2): 83-86.
Al-Hemaid, F.M.
2002. Revision of the Aloe L. in Saudi Arabia. Arab.
Gulf. J. Sci. Res. 20 (3).
Al-Hemaid, F.M.
2002. Taxonomic revision of the genus Verbascum L.
(Scrophlariaceae) from Saudi Arabia. Bangladesh. J. Plant.
Taxon. 9 (1): 1-13.
Alshammari, A.M. and S.M. Sharawy, 2010.
Wild plants diversity of the Hema Faid region (Hail Province,
Saudi Arabia). Asian J. Plant Sci., 9: 447-454.
Al-Turk, T.A.,
Omar, S & Ghafoor, A. 2001. Two new species of Heliotropium
L. (Boraginaceae) from Saudi Arabia.- Botanical Journal of
Linnean Society. 137: 215-220.
Al-Turki, T. A.2003. A new species of
Indigofera (Fabaceae) from southwestern Saudi Arabia.
Willdenowia 33: 337-340
Al-Turki , T. A.
2004. A prelude to the study of the flora of Jabal Fayfa in
Saudi Arabia. Kuwait J. Sci. Eng. 31: 77–145.
Al-Turki, T. A.
and Ghafoor, A. 1996. The genus Chenopodium L. in
Saudi Arabia. Feddes Repert. 107 (3-4): 189-208.
Al-Turki, T.A.. &
; AI-Olayan, H.A. 2003. Contribution To The Flora Of Saudi
Arabia: Hail Region, Saudi J. Bio. Sci. 10(2): 190-222.
Al-Turki, T. A.,
Omer, S., Ghafoor, A. 2000. A synopsis of the genus Atriplex
L. (Chenopodiaceae) in Saudi Arabia. Feddes Repert. 111
(5-6): 255-287.
Al-Turki, T.A.
1997. A preliminary checklist of the flora of Qassim, Saudi
Arabia, Feddes Repert. 108 (3-4): 259-280.
Al-Turki, T.A.
2002. An initiative in exploration and management of plant
genetic diversity in Saudi Arabia. pp. 339-349. In. J.M. Engels,
V.R. Rao, A.H. Brown and M. T. Jackson (eds.) Managing plant
genetic diversity. CAB International. Wallingford, UK.
Al-Turki, T.A.,
Omar, S & Ghafoor, A. 2001. Two new species of Heliotropium
L. Boraginaceae) from Saudi Arabia. Botanical Journal of
Linnean Society 137: 215-220.
Al-Turki,
T.A., Swarupanandan, K. and Wilson, P.G. 2003. Primary
vasculature in Chenopodiaceae: A re-interpretation and
implications for systematics and evolution. Botanical Journal of
the Linnean Society. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society.
143 (4,):
337–374
Al-Turki, T.A.;
Al-Olayan, H.A. and Swarupananadan, K. 2002. Dianthus cyri
Fish. & Mey. (Caryophyllaceae): A New Record. Arab Gulf Jour.
Sci. Res., 20(4):228-231.
Al-Yemeni, M.N. 1999.
A Check List of Weeds in Al-Kharj
Area of Saudi Arabia,
Pak. J.
of Biol. Sci.
2(1): 7-13
Al-Zahrani, D.A.
and El-Karemy, Z.A.R. 2007. A new succulent Euphorbia
(Euphorbiaceae) species from the Red Sea coast and Islands.
Edinburgh J. of Botany 64 (2): 131–136
Amin, A. 1978. A taxonomic revision of the
genus Launaea (Compositae) 1. General Considerations.
Taeckholmia 9: 111-117.
Appel, O and Al-Shebhaz, I.A. 2001. Dolichorhynchus is
United with Douepea (Brassicaceae). Novon 11: 296-297
Aref M. I.,
Elkhalifa, K.F. and El-Juhany L. I., 2003. A dendrological Key
Identification of Acacia species Growing in Saudi and
Northern Sudan. Journal of King Abdulaziz University Meteorology
Environment and Arid Land Agriculture Sciences, Vol. 14: 87-94.
Asmode, J.F. 1989. Status and
trends of the Juniper woodland in the Taif area. pp. 34-47,
quarterly report. National wildlife research center, Taif, Saudi
Arabia.
Atiqur Rahman, M,
Al-Said, MS and Mossa, JS 2002. A checklist of Angiosperm flora
of Farasan Islands, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Pak. Jour. Bio.
Sci. 5(11): 1162-1166.
Atiqur
Rahman, M..,
Jaber, S. Mossa and Fahad M.A. Al-Hemaid, 2002. Notes on
succulent plant species of Saudi Arabia. Bangladesh. J. Plant.
Taxon. 9 (1): 25-45.
Austin, D.F. & Staples, G.W. 1980.
Xenostegia, A new genus of Convolvulaceae. Brittonia
32(4): 533-536.
Basahy, A.Y. 1996.
Bryophytes and Pteridophytes of the Fayfa Mountains (Gizan
area), Saudi Arabia. Biological Society 4: 17-29.
Baum, B.R. 1978. The Genus Tamarix.
The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem.
Baum, B.R. 1989. Studies in the flora of
Arabia 25: Tamarix in the Arabian Peninsula Notes RBG,
Edinburgh 46(1): 1-6.
BaZaid, S. A. and Mossallam, H. A. 2000.
An illustrated guide to the wild plants of Taif, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia. Tourist activation center, Taif Governorate.
Bazara, M.; Guarino, L.; Miller,
A.G. & Obadi, N. 1990. Observations on an endangered fan palm in
Arabia. Edinburgh J. of Botany 47: 375-379.
Bentham, G. and
Hooker, J.D. 1880. Genera Plantarum Vol. 3 London: Lovell Reeve,
Williams & Norgate, pp. 43-78.
Blatter, E. 1914-1916. Flora of Aden. Rec.
Botanical Survey of India, 7: 1-418.
Blatter, E.
1919-1936. Flora Arabica. Records of the Botanical Survey of
India, Calcutta, India.
Blatter, E. (1978, copy, reprint): Flora
of Aden. Doc. Agr. 581.95335, B 644, from: Flora Arabica.
Calcutta: Records of the Botanical Survey of India. Vol VIII
Boissier, E.
1867-1888: Flora Orientalis, vols 1-5 and supp. Geneva.
Bokhary, H.A. ; Parvez, S. &
Abu-Zinada, A.H. 1993. Lichen flora from high altitude areas of
Saudi Arabia. Nova Hedwigia 56: 491-496.
Bor, N.L. 1967. A
new Stipagrostis from Saudi Arabia, Osterreichische
Botanische Zeitschrift, Vienna. 114: 100.
Bornmuller, J. 1928. Eine neue
Convolvulus-Art aus der Flora von Mekka. - Repert. Spec.
Nov. Regni Veg. 24: 242-243.
Botschantzev, A.
1969. A new species of Cornulaca Del. From Saudi Arabia.
Kew Bull., 23: 439-440.
Botschantzev, V.P. 1984. Two new species
of the genus Salsola from Saudi Arabia. Botanic Zurnal
69: 686-688.
Boulos, L. 1985: A
contribution to the flora of Asir mountains, Saudi Arabia,
Arab Gulf J. Sc. Res. 3: 67-94.
Boulos, L. 1994.
Notes on Acacia Mill. Studies in the Leguminosae of
Arabia:1 Kew Bull. 50(2): 327-337
Boulos, L. 1996
Chenopodiaceae In: Miller & Cope (eds.). Flora of the Arabian
Peninsula and Socotra. Edinburgh Univ. press.
Boulos, L. 1988: A
contribution to the flora of South Yemen (PDRY). – Candollea 43:
549-585.
Boulos, L. 1991.
Notes on Suaeda Forssk. ex Scop. Studies in the
Chenopodiaceae of Arabia: 2. Kew Bull. 46 (2): 291-296.
Boulos L. 1992 Notes on Agathophora
(Fenzl) Bunge and Cornulaca Del. Studies in the
Chenopodiaceae of Arabia: 5. Kew Bull. 47. (2): 283-287
Boulos, L., 1990,
A synopsis of Chenopodium L. Studies in the
Chenopodiaceae of Arabia 4. Kew Bull. 46(2), 301-305.
Boulos, L., 1990.
The Identity, typification and distribution of Salsola
imbricata Forssk., Studies in the Flora of Saudi Arabia 1.
Kew Bull. 46(1): 137-140.
Boulos, L. and
Freitag, H. 1991. Notes on the Chenopodiaceae in Collenette’s
Illustrated Guide to the flowers of Saudi Arabia. Candollea 46:
81-84.
Boulos L. & Wood, J.R.I. 1983. A new
Senecio (Compositae) from Southwest Arabia. Kew Bull. 38:
491-492.
Boulos, L.; Friis, I. and Gilbert, M.G.
1991. Notes on the Chenopodiaceae of Ethiopia, Somalia and
southern Arabia. Nord. J. Bot. 11: 309-316.
Brenan, J.P.M. & Brummitt, R.K. 1965. The
variation of Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. -
Bol. soc. Brot. Ser. 2, 39: 61-115.
Bruyns, P.V. 1988. Studies in the Flora
of Arabia XXIV: The genus Ceropegia in Arabia. Notes
Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. 45(2): 287-326.
Bruyns, P. and Forster, P.I. 1991. A new
species of Sarcostemma from Arabia. Edin. J. Bot. 48:
333-335.
Bruyns, P.V. &
Miller, A.G. 2009. Lectotypification of some Arabian
Apocynaceae. Edinburgh J. of Botany, 66 (1): 97–101 (2009)
Bukhari, N.A. &
Alfarhan, A.H. 2005. Systematic studies of Verbascum l.
in Saudi Arabia , Journal of King Saud University (Sci.),
18(2) 63-125.
Bukhari, N.A. & Al-Shaya, N.A.
2007.
Study of the
seeds of Resedaceae family in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia J. of King
Saud Univ. (Sci.) 21(3):
Carter, S. & Wood, J.R.I. 1981. Two
new succulent Euphorbia species from southwest Arabia,
Kew Bull. 37(1): 73-77.
Chaudhary, S. A. 1985. Genus
Coelachyrum (Gramineae) in Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio.
Soc. 8: 217-225.
Chaudhary, S. 1985. Genus Avena
(Gramineae) in Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 8: 207-215.
Chaudhary, S. A. 1985. Aristida
L. (Gramineae) in Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 8:
227-243.
Chaudhary, S.
1989. Grasses of Saudi Arabia, Ministry of Agri. & Water,
Riyadh. 465p.
Chaudhary, S.
1999. Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. vol 1, Ministry of
Agri. & Water, Riaydh, 691p.
Chaudhary, S.A.
2000. Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. vol 2 (part 1),
Ministry of Agri. & Water, Riyadh.
Chaudhary, S.A.
2000. Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. vol 2 (part 2),
Ministry of Agri. & Water, Riyadh.
Chaudhary, S.
2000. Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. vol 2 (part 3),
Ministry of Agri. & Water, Riyadh.
Chaudhary, S. A. &
Akram 1987: Weeds of Saudi Arabia & the Arabian Peninsula. –
Riyadh.
Chaudhary, S. A.
(1983 a). Acacia and other genera of Mimosoideae in
Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture. Riyadh
Chaudhary, S. A.
and Akram, M., 1986, The genus Salsola (Chenopodiaceae)
in Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. 9: 57-89.
Chaudhary, S.A. & Hiepko, P. 1984.
The identity of Convolvulus linoides Bornm.
(Convolvulaceae). Willdenowia 14: 199-201.
Chaudhary, S.A. &
Al-Howaishel, Z. 1980. Weeds of southwestern Arabian Peninsula,
Tropical Pest Management 26 (3): 299-302.
Chaudhary, S.A. &
Cope, T. A. 1983: Studies in the flora of Arabia VI. A checklist
of grasses of Saudi Arabia. – Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 1: 313-354.
Chaudhary, S.A. &
Zawawi, M.A. 1983. A manual of weeds of Central and Eastern
Saudi Arabia. National Herbarium, Min. Agri. & Water, Riyadh.
326p.
Chandhary, S.A. 1983. Preliminary studies
on the genus Convolvulus in Saudi Arabia. J. Saudi
Arabian Nat. Hist. Soc, 2(3): 11-31.
Chaudhary, S. A.1984. Genus
Plantago in Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 7: 239-257.
Chaudhary, S.A.
1985. Studies on Heliotropium in Saudi Arabia. Arab Gulf
J. Sci. Res. 3: 33-53.
Chaudhary, S.A. 1986. Bromeae
(Gramineae) of Saudi Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 9: 91-113.
Chaudhary, S. & Al-Khoja, A.R.
1986. The genus Eremopyrum (Gramineae) in Saudi Arabia.
Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 9: 115-120
Chaudhary, S.A.
1987 The genus Halothamnus Jaub. & Spach.
(Chenopodiaceae) in Saudi Arabia . Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc. 10:
319-326.
Chaudhary, S.A.
1987. The genus Stipagrostis Nees (Poaceae) in Saudi
Arabia. Proc. Saudi Bio. Soc., 10: 327-341.
Chaudhary, S.A.; Al-Juwayed, A.A. & Abdul
Rub, M. 1994. The genus Ficus (Moraceae) in Saudi Arabia.
Bio. Sci. 3: 110-124.
Chaudhary, S.A.
2001. Flora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Vol III, Ministry of
Agri. and Water, Riyadh.
Chaudhary, S.A.; Parker, C. &
Kasasian, L. 1981. Weeds of Central, Southern and Eastern
Arabian Peninsula, Trop. Pest Manag. 27(2): 181-190.
Chaudhary, S.A. and Lavranos, J.J. 1985.
Studies in the Flora of Arabia XVI: Two new species of
Ceropegia from Saudi Arabia, Notes RBG, Edinb. 42(2):
315-319.
Christensen, C.
1922. Index to Petrus Forsskal : Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica, 1775”
with a revision of Herbarium Forsskalii contained in the
Botanical Museum of the Univ. Copenhagen. Dan. Bot. Ark., Vol.
4, no. 3: 1-54.
Collenette, I. S.
1989. The loss of rare and endangered plants. Saudi Arabian Nat.
Hist. Scoc. 2(9): 10-13.
Collenette, I. S.
1998. A checklist of botanical species in Saudi Arabia. 80 pp.
International Asclepiad Society, West Sussex.
Collenette, I. S.
1999. Wildflowers of Saudi Arabia. 799 pp. National Commission
for Wildlife Conservation, Riyadh.
Collenette, I. S.
1987. Spiny Euphorbias in Arabia. Euphorbia J. 4: 102–122
Collenette, I. S.
1991. Ceropegias in Saudi Arabia. Kew Magazine. 8(1): 24-37.
Collenette, I. S.
1999. The Ceropegias in Saudi Arabia. British Cactus and
Succulent Journal, 17(1): 181-187.
Collenette, I. S.
and Tsagarakis, C. 2001. Some Regional Botanical Lists from
Saudi Arabia. Taif, Saudi Arabia: National Wildlife Research
Centre.
Cope, T. A. 1985:
Studies in the flora of Arabia XX. A key to the grasses of the
Arabian Peninsula. – Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res., Special
Publ. 1: 1-82.
Cope, T.A. 1991. Some new Arabian grasses.
Kew Bull. 47(4):655-664.
Cope, T.A. Edited
by Miller, A.G. & Knees, S.G. 2007. Flora of the Arabian
Peninsula and Socotra Volume 5 part 1. Edinburgh University
Press.
Cope, T.A.
2009 (ed.). Flora of the Arabian
Peninsula and Socotra vol. 5 part 1, Edinburgh
University Press
Cribb, P. J.
1987: New records of Orchidaceae for Arabia. – Kew Bull. 42:
461-463.
Cribb, P. J. 1979:
The orchids of Arabia. – Kew Bull. 33: 651-678.
Danin, A. 1991. Plant adaptations in
desert dunes J. of Arid Envi.21: 193-212.
Danin, A. 1996. Adaptations of
Stipagrostis spp. to desert dunes. J. of Arid. Envi.34:
279-311.
Danin, A. 1996. Plants of desert dunes.
Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Danin, A. 1999.
Contributions to the flora of Jordan 3. A new species of
Artemisia (Compositae, Anthemidea) from S. Jordan.
Willdenowia 29: 147-153.
Danin, A. and Hedge, I.C. 1972.
Contributions to the flora of Sinai I: new and confused taxa,
Notes from the Royal Bot. Gardens 32: 259-271
Davis, P.H. 1980. New species from
Turkey, Arabia and Morocco. Notes R.B.G. Edinb. 38(3): 443-446.
De Clerck, O. & Coppejans, E.V. 1994.
Status of the macroalgae and seagrass vegetation after the 1991
Gulf war oil spill. Courier Forschungs Institut Senckenberg 166:
18-21.
Deflers, A. 1886:
Herborisations dans les montagnes volcanques d’Aden. Bull. Soc.
Bot. France. 32: 343-356.
Deflers, A. 1887:
Nouvelles contributions a la flore d’Aden. Ibid. 34: 61-69.
Deflers, A. 1895:
Equisse de geographie botanique la vegetation de l’Arabie
Hopicule au-dela a du Yemen. Revue d’Egypte. 1: 349-370;
400-430.
Deflers, A.
1895-1896: Descriptions de quelaques plantes nouvelles de
l’Arabie meridionale. Bull. Soc. Bot. France. 42: 297-306
(1895); 43: 104-123; 218-236 (1896).
Deflers, A. 1896.
Les Asclepiadees de l’Arabie tropicale. Mem. Inst. Egypt. 3:
253- 283.
Deflers, A. 1896:
Plantes de l’Arabie meridionale recueillies pendant les annees
1889, 1890, 1893 et 1894. Ibid. 43: 321-332.
Deflers, A. 1921.
Asclepiadees de 1’Arabie Tropicale. Memoires Institute
de’Egypte, Cairo. 3: p. 270.
Deil, U. 1991. Rock communities in
tropical Arabia. Flora et vegetation Mundi 9: 175-187.
Deil, U. 1986. Die Wadivegetation der
nordlichen Tihama und Gebirgstihama der Arabischen Republik
Jemen. In: H. Kurschner (ed.), contributions to the vegetation
of southwest Asia, pp. 167-199 - Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert
Verlag.
Deil, U. & Muller-Hohenstein, K.
Euphorbias from 'Arabia Felix', Habitats and Distribution. The
Euphorbia Journal, 109-121.
Deil, U. & Muller-Hohenstein, K 1984. An
Euphorbia balsamifera community from the Yemeni Highlands
and its relationship to plant communities from Macaronesia.
Flora 175: 407-426.
Deflers, A. 1892.
Arabian Coffee. Trop. Agric. Colombo., p145.
De Marco, G. &
Dinelli, A. 1974. First contribution to the floristic knowledge
of Saudi Arabia. Annali Di Botanica 36: 209-236
De Marco, G. & Dinelli, A. 1975. On
a new subspecies of Plantago amplexicaulis Cav. from
Saudi Arabia. Annali Di Botanica, 34: 259-267.
Demissew, S. 1996. The genus
Hildebrandtia (Convolvulaceae) from mainland Africa and
Arabia. Kew Bull. 51(3): 525-541.
Eggli, U. (ed.). 2002. Illustrated
handbook of succulent plants: Dicotyledons, Sprenger, Berlin.
Eggli, U. (ed.) 2003. Illustrated handbook
of succulent plants: Crassulaceae, Sprenger, Berlin.
Eggli, U. (ed.) 2001. Illustrated handbook
of succulent plants: Monocotyledons, Sprenger, Berlin.
Eig, A. 1945. A
revision of the Chenopodiaceae of Palestine and neighbouring
countries. Palest. J. Bot. Ser., 3, 3: 126-140.
Evenari, M. & Gutterman, Y. 1973.
Some notes on Salvadora persica L. in Sinai and its use
as a toothbrush. flora 162: 118-125.
Farjon, A. 1992. The taxonomy of
multiseed Junipers (Junipers sect. Sabina) in
southwest Asia and East Africa (Taxonomic notes on Cupressaceae
I). Edinburgh J. Bot. 49: 251-283.
Fayed, A.A. &
Al-Zahrani, D.A. 2007. Three new spiny Euphorbia
(Euphorbiaceae) species from Western Saudi Arabia. Edinburgh J.
of Botany 64 (2): 117–129.
Field, D.V. 1980. A new Huernia
(Asclepiadaceae) from Saudi Arabia, with notes on related
species. Kew Bull., 35(4): 753-757.
Field, D.V. & Collenette, S. 1984.
Ceropegia superba (Asclepiadaceae) a new species from Saudi
Arabia. Kew Bulletin 39: 639-642.
Foley, M. J. Y., Hedge, I. C. & Möller,
M.: The enigmatic Salvia tingitana (Lamiaceae): a case
study in history, taxonomy and cytology. – Willdenowia 38:
41-59.
Forsskal, P. 1775.
Flora Aegyptiaco-Arabica. Copenhagen, Denmark.
Freitag, H. 1975. The
Piptatherum (Gramineae) in southwest Asia . Notes Roy. Bot.
Gard. Edinburgh 33: 341-408.
Freitag, H. 1989. Piptatherum
and Stipa (Gramineae) in the Arabian Peninsula and
tropical East Africa. In Kit Tan (Ed.) The Davis & Hedge
Festschrift pp. 115-132. in Plant Taxonomy, Phytogeography and
Related subjects. Edinburgh University Press.
Freitag, H. 1991. The distribution
of some prominent Chenopodiaceae in SW Asia and their
phytogeographical significance. Flora et Vegetatio Munde 9:
281-292
Frey, W. & Kurschner, H. 1982. The
first records of bryophytes from Saudi Arabia. Studies in
Arabian Bryophytes 1. Lindbergia 8: 157-160
Frey, W. & Kurschner, H. 1987. A
desert bryophyte synusia from the Jabal Tuwayq mountain systems
(Central Saudi Arabia) with the description of two new
Crossidium species (Pottiaceae). Studies in Arabian
bryophytes 8: Nova Hedwigia 45: 119-136.
Frey, W. & Kurschner, H. 1988.
Bryophytes of the Arabian Peninsula and Socotra. Floristics,
phytogeography and definition of the xerothermic Pangean
element. Studies in Arabian bryophytes 12. Nova Hedwigia 46:
37-120
Frey, W. 1989. The Bryophytes of
Saudi Arabia and the importance of their conservation (Studies
in Arabian Bryophytes 9). in: Wildlife Conservation and
development in Saudi Arabia. Proc. of the first symb. Riyadh,
Feb. 1987. NCWCD, Publ. No. 3.
Friis, I. 1981.
The taxonomy and distribution of Mimusops laurifolia
(Sapotaceae). Kew Bull. 35: 785-792.
Friis, I. 1983. The acaulescent and
succulent species of Dorstenia Sect. Korsaria (Moraceae)
from Northeast tropical Africa and Arabia. Nordic J. of Botany
3: 533-538.
Gabali, S. A. &
Al-Gifri, A.-N. 1990: Flora of South Yemen. Angiospermae.
A provisional Checklist..Feddes Repert. 101: 373-383.
Gabali, S. A.
1995: Plant life in Yemen. A general survey and preliminary
checklist of the flowering plant species. – Publ. Univ. Aden,
Reference Book Ser. 4.
Gabali, S. A.
1998: Studies in the flora of Yemen, 4. The endemic species. –
Candollea 53: 73-92.
Gamal-Eldin, E
1984: Studies in the Flora of Arabia: 8. A new Pulicaria
from Oman. – Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 467-471.
Gamal-Eldin, E.
1981: Revision der Gattung Pulicaria (Compositae - Inuleae)
für Afrika, Makaronesien und Arabien. – Phanerog. Monogr.
14.
Ghafoor, A. 1997.
A new species of Anthemis
L. (Asteraceae–Anthemidae) from Saudi Arabia. Feddes Repertorium
108(5-6): 319-323
Ghafoor, A. &
Al-Turki, T.A. 1999. A new Anthemis (Asteraceae) from
Saudi Arabia. Edinburgh Journal Botany 56 (1): 55-59.
Ghafoor, A. and
Al-Turki, T.A. 1997. A synopsis of the genus Anthemis L.
(Compositae-Anthemideae) in Saudi Arabia. Candollea 52:
457-474.
Ghazanfar, S.A &
J. R. Edmondson, J.R. 2003. Two new species of Limonium
(Plumbaginaceae) from the Sultanate of Oman and Arabia.
Edinburgh Journal of Botany, 60(1): 11-18
Ghazanfar, S.A. 2003.
Flora of the Sultanate of Oman, Vol. 1,
Piperaceae-Primulaceae (Text + photo CD-ROM). Scripta Botanica
Belgica Series 25. Belgium: National Botanic Garden of Belgium,
Meise. Pp
262.
Ghazanfar, S.A.
(2007). Flora of Sultanate of
Oman, Vol. 2, Crassulaceae-Apiaceae (Text + Photo CD-ROM).
Scripta Botanica Belgica Series 36. Belgium: National Botanic
Garden of Belgium, Meise. Pp 220.
Gilbert, M. G.
1986: A reconsideration of the Rhus glutinosa complex
(Anacardiaceae). – Nordic J. Bot. 6: 571-572.
Gilbert, M.G. 1993. A review of Gisekia
(Gisekiaceae). Kew Bull. 48(3): 343-356.
Gillett, J.B.
1952. The genus Trifolium in Southern Arabia and in
Africa, South of the Sahara. Kew Bull., 3: 367-404.
Gilliland, H.B. 1952. Notes on Shrubs and
Trees in Southern Arabia. Trees in South Africa 4,1:19-20,23
Goyder, D. J. &
Nicholas, A. 2001: A revision of Gomphocarpus R. Br.
(Apocynaceae: Asclepiadeae).– Kew Bull. 56: 769-836.
Goyder, D.J. and
Boulos, L. 1991. A New Species of Periploca
(Asclepiadaceae) from Southwest Arabia, Kew Bulletin,
Vol. 46 (1): 133-135.
Green, P.S. 1986. Jasminum
in Arabia, Kew Bull. 41(2): 413-418.
Green, P. S. &
Wickens, G. E. 1989: The Olea europaea complex. – Pp.
287-299 in: Tan, K. & Hedge, I., The Davis and Hedge
Festschrift. – Edinburgh.
Gushash,A.S. 1427 H. Plants in the
mountains of Sarat and Hejaz.Vol. 1 & 2. Sarawa.....
Hadidi, N. 1977. Two new
Zygophyllum species from Arabia. Publication, Cairo Univ.
Herb. 7 & 8: 327-331.
.
Hadidi, N. 1977. Tribulaceae as a distinct
family. Publications, Cairo Univ. Herb. 7 & 8: 103-108
Hadidi, N. 1978.
An introduction to the classification of Tribulus L.,
Taeckholmia 9: 59-66.
Hajar, A.S.;
Chaudhary, S.; Ahmed H. Alfarhan; Farraj, M.M. and Al-Juwayed,
A. 1996. Peculiar mode of propagation in Crinum yemense
Defl. (Amaryllidaceae) population in Saudi Arabia. Jour. of
King Abdul Aziz Univ. 7: 71-77
Halliday, P. 1983. The genus
Kleinia (Compositae) in Arabia. Kew Bulletin 39: 817-827.
Hammouda, M.A. and
Bakr, Z.Y. 1971. The seed coat of some desert plants. A
taxonomic outlook. Bull. Fac. Sci., Riyadh Univ. 3: 54-63.
Hanacek, P. & Rinacek, M. 2000. A new
species of Rhytidocaulon (Asclepiadaceae) from Southern
Yemen. Asklepios 80: 19-22
Hartmann, H.E.K. (ed.) 2001. Illustrated
handbook of succulent plants: Aizoaceae, A-E, Sprenger, Berlin.
Hartmann, H.E.K. (ed.) 2001. Illustrated
handbook of succulent plants: Aizoaceae, F-Z, Sprenger, Berlin.
Hedge, I. C. 1982:
Studies in the flora of Arabia: 2. Some new and interesting
species of Labiatae. – Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40:
63-73.
Hedge, I.C. 1986. Labiatae of south-west
Asia: diversity, distribution and endemism. Proc. of the Royal
Soc. of Edinburgh. 89B: 23-35
Hedge, I.C. &
King, R.A. 1983. The Cruciferae of the Arabian Peninsula: A
check-list of species and a key to genera. Studies in the Flora
of Arabia IV. Arab Gulf J. of Sci. Res. 1: 41-66.
Hedge, I.C. & Tan, K. (1987). Two remarkable new Cruciferae
from Saudi Arabia. Plant Systematics and Evolution 156:
197-206.
Hedge, I..C.&
Podlech, D. 1987. A first survey of Astracantha and
Astragalus in the Arabian Peninsula. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 108:
259-270.
Hedge, I.C. 2004. Plant
Life of South-West Asia Symposia: VI - Past and Future, Turk.J.
Bot. 28: 5-6
Heemstra, H. H.,
Al-Hassan, H. O. & Al-Minwer, F. S. 1990: Plants of northern
Saudi Arabia. Range and Animal Development Research
Center, Sakaka, KSA.
Hillcoat, D.; Lewis, G. & Verdcourt, B.
1980. A new species of Ceratonia (Leguminoae:
Caesalpinioideae) from Arabia and the Somali Republic, Kew Bull.
35: 261-271.
Hochstetter, C.F. 1844. Novum
Convolvulacearum genus ex Arabia. - Flora 27, Besondere Beilage:
7-8.
Horwood, F.K.
1970. Exotic Xerophytes: 7, Some notes on the succulents of
Socotra, National Cactus & Succulent J. 25: 103-105.
Hosni, H.A. 1977. A new Tribulus
species with winged carpels. Bot. Notiser 130: 261-262.
Hosni, H.A. 1988. A conspectus of
Tribulus in Arabia. Taeckholmia 11: 1-18.
Hosni, H.A. & Hegazy, A.K. 1996.
Contribution to the flora of Asir, Saudi Arabia, Candollea, 51:
169-202.
Hosny, A.I. 1988. Genus Zygophyllum
L. in Arabia. Taeckholmia 11: 19-32.
Huber, H. 1957:
Revision der Gattung Ceropegia Mem. Soc. Brot. 12: 1-203.
Hunde, A. 1982. Two new species of
Acacia (Leguminosae - Mimosoideae) from Ethiopia and Yemen,
Nord. J. Bot. 2: 337-342.
Jones, D.A. 1986. A field guide to the
seashores of Kuwait and the Arabian Gulf, Blandfords press.
Jonsell, B. 1986. A monograph of
Farsetia (Cruciferae). Acta Universitatis Upsalensis 25:
1-107.
Kerfoot, O. & Lavranos, J.J. 1984. Studies
in the Flora of Arabia X: Juniperus phoenicea L. and
J. excelsa M. BIEB. Notes RBG Edinbg. 41(3): 483-489.
Khalifa, S.F. & Ishak, I.F. 1979.
Amalgamation of micro and macro morphological characters for
identification of some Malvaceous species. Proc. Saudi Biol.
Soc. 3: 167-192.
Kalifa, S.F. & Hamed, K.A. 1979. Studies
on stem anatomy of some taxa of the Boraginaceae with reference
to its taxonomic value. Proc. Saudi Biol. Soc. 193-212.
Khattab, A. and
El-Hadidy, M.N. 1971. Results of a botanic expedition to Arabia
in 1944-1945. Cairo Univ. Herb. Publ. 4: 95p.
Kilian, N &
Miller, A. G. 2000: Studies in the Compositae of the
Arabian Peninsula and Socotra – 5. Distephanus qazmi
(Vernonieae, Gymnantheminae), a remarkable new species from
the island of Socotra, Yemen. – Willdenowia 30: 83-91.
Kilian, N. &
Gemeinholzer, B.2007. Studies in the Compositae of the
Arabian Peninsula and Socotra –7. Erythroseris, a new
genus and the previously unknown sister group of Cichorium
Cichorieae subtribe Cichoriinae). – Willdenowia 37:
283-296.
Kilian, N. & Hein,
P. 1999. Studies in the Compositae of the Arabian Peninsula and
Socotra – 2. Pulicaria samhanensis sp. nova (Inuleae)
from Dhofar and notes on other S Arabian species of the genus.
Willdenowia 29: 187–196.
Kilian, N. 1999:
Studies in the Compositae of the Arabian Peninsula and
Socotra – 1. Pulicaria gamal-eldinae sp. nova
(Inuleae) bridges the gap between Pulicaria and
former Sclerostephane (now P. sect.
Sclerostephane). – Willdenowia 29: 167-185.
Kilian, N., Hein,
P. & Hubaishan, M. A. 2002. New and noteworthy records for the
flora of Yemen, chiefly of Hadhramout and Al-Mahra. Willdenowia
32 –239-269.
Kilian N. & Hubaishan M. A. 2002:
Tephrosia Dura, Leguminosae. – Curtis's Bot.
Mag. 19: 241-246
|